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Abstract：When the laser through the atmosphere ,air molecules and aerosol particles can cause scattering of laser transmission process,attenuation of laser energy ,and also change the polarization characteristics of laser,in the end the change will affect the result of the last detected image.On the problem of polarization atmospheric transmission theory imperfection,solve the scattering amplitude functions about the scattering of homogeneous spherical particle and the scattering cross section function from Maxwell's electromagnetic field equation, at the same time, carry out the theoretical research of polarized light scattering characteristics in different medium based on Stokes-Mueller matrix,focus on the character of polarization scattering, conclusion the change rules of polarization state ,degree of polarization,and other polarization parameters,and analysis the relationship of the concentration of transmission medium, transmission distance and the particle diameter by computer numerical simulation.The result indicates that depolarization factor of polarized light is closely related to the concentration of transmission media, the distance of transmission, the particle diameter, revealing that the higher concentration of transmission media, the more obvious depolarization phenomenon which establishes the fundamental of the target being recognized better for the presenting image of depolarization Key words：Depolarization factor；Mueller matrix；Polarization characteristics;Stokes;Mie scattering; 1.The introductionWhen the laer though the atmosphere,light will be scattered by the effect of the air molecules and aerosol particles.This phenomenon will change the polarization characteristic and affect the result of the image detected.The theory and application of polarization transmission in atmosphere are maturity in abroad . The research of scattering intensity in atmosphere has obtained some achievement. With the increase of polarized light applications, the research of the scattering characteristics in laser transmission in atmosphere is very necessary.

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