Reports research statistics that reveal that half of all working women are likely to suffer some form of sexual harassment during their careers, particularly those in non‐traditional posts. Outlines different explanatory theories for sexual harassment proposed in current literature, focusing in particular on socio‐cultural, organizational and individual differences models, and seeks to examine the interaction between various factors identified. Discusses the main effects of power distance, attitudes towards women and gender/job match on sexual harassment, and develops models of sexual harassment behaviour to examine the interaction between these three factors for women with male supervisors in traditional and non‐traditional roles, identifying the circumstances in which quid pro quo and hostile environment sexual harassment are most likely and most unlikely to occur. Illustrates how the different factors involved foster different kinds of sexual harassment at different levels of severity, and concludes that multiple strategies are required to address such behaviour.

Competing on the basis of time and quality has become the norm since the early 1990s, because cost is no longer the only driving force for competition. This paradigm shift will continue at even a faster rate in the 21st century. Organizations embracing time as a competitive advantage are agile and learning organizations. They always initiate change and are always ready for the challenges that come with it. In this paper, we examine the impact of two of the Time-Based Technologies, hereafter TBTs, on the ability of small to medium size ® rms to respond to the needs of their customers. In the last seven years or so, Youssef has been studying the impact of TBTs on the operations of manufacturing ® rms. However, no distinction was made based on the size of the ® rm. This study utilizes the same database that Youssef used, but as applied only to small to medium size ® rms. The results of regression analysis showed that the individual as well as the combined eþ ects of Total Quality Management (TQM) and Design for Manufacturability (DFM) have a positive impact on the ability of small to medium size ® rms to respond to their customer needs. These results have many implications for academics and practitioners.

Neural networks are widely used in model building. Applications include predicting bankruptcy, and assessing the relationship quality between a customer and a salesperson. This paper utilizes data from an Internet users survey to investigate Internet usage for personal and not for work or school related needs, and the impact of pattern presentation order and frequency on the learning accuracy of the network. The data were sorted using the association-rule mining approach. The software used is BrainMaker from California Scientific Software.

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This paper examines the motives behind the growth of the offshoring movement embraced by most American manufacturing firms beginning the late part of the 20th century. The motives behind the offshoring trend started as a basic move to reduce the labor costs of manufacturing. It later evolves into a new business model for organizational growth and expansion into the global markets.But, beginning about 2010, the offshoring movement began to be replaced with a trend to bring manufacturing jobs back to the U. S. A. This became known as the reshoring movement. This paper examines the forces behind the reshoring movement as well as some of the reactionary forces and obstacles which the reshoring movement will have to address if it is be become and remain as a sustainable business strategy for American manufacturing.