Oral cancers are the leading cause of cancer-related death in Indian men. Currently steps to contain the transmission and treatment of COVID-19 pandemic have crippled the entire health care system. With hospitals running short of resources, the oncological practice became standstill, especially during the initial phase. This is a retrospective study among patients who presented to our tertiary care hospital in early 3 months of COVID-19 era(ECE) with respect to pre-COVID-19 era(PCE). The study includes patients discussed in multidisciplinary tumor board(MDT)(421 in ECE Vs 31 in PCE) and those who underwent surgery(192 in ECE Vs 26 in PCE). The presentation and outcomes of oral carcinoma were compared between the two eras. There was a significant drop in the number of patients who presented during ECE. Though mean age and gender remained comparable between groups, there was a statistical difference in relation to demographic profile of patient ( p value < 0.001). Among operated during ECE, 80% had a significantly advanced tumor stage ( p value < 0.034) and advanced composite stage ( p value < 0.049). Among patients discussed in MDT during ECE, 38.7% were deemed inoperable which is double the number when compared with PCE ( p value < 0.009). Results of our study showed a higher incidence of advanced stage disease during ECE, with many patient turning inoperable. Thus, the survival of newly diagnosed oral carcinoma patients will be worser. In the management of oral cancer both early stage and advanced stage should have the same priority. Immediate resumption of safe oncology services is mandatory to curtail the current issues.

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<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">The oral mucosa serves as a protective barrier against trauma, pathogens and carcinogenic agents. It can be affected by a wide variety of lesions and conditions, some of which are harmless while others may have serious complications. The appearance of benign oral soft tissue masses can occasionally resemble malignant tumors. </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">Present study is an observational and cross sectional study under taken in the Department of ENT in Shri Vasant Rao Naik Government Medical College, Yavatmal. All cases of benign oral lesions were included in the study and following cases were excluded: malignant oral lesions, immunocompromised state and benign Oral lesions due to systemic diseases.  </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">Present study included 235 lesions of oral cavity which were clinically or histo-pathologically found to be benign in nature.<strong> </strong>Benign oral lesions were more commonly found in males with (70.2%) than females (29.8%), and M:F ratio was 2.3:1. most common benign oral lesions were found to be Oral Sub Mucus Fibrosis (26.8%) followed by Apthous ulcers (20.4%), Leukoplakia (18.3%) and Mucocele (17.1%). Least common benign oral lesions were found to be Minor Salivary Gland Tumor (MSGT) (1.7%) followed by Squamous Papilloma (2.1%), Ranula (2.1%) and Hemangioma (2.1). There was a male predominance in oral sub mucus fibrosis with M:F ratio of 9.5:1 followed by Leukoplakia with M:F ratio of 4.4:1. OSMF was found most commonly in 21-30 years age group with (57.1%). Followed by 11-20 years with (20.6%). No cases were found in ≤10 years, 51-60 and &gt;60 years age group. </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">Most of the benign oral lesions have a predilection to transform into malignant lesions therefore imperative to diagnose the pre malignant lesions of oral cavity in an early stage where appropriate treatment can be given.</span></p>

Objective: Study was embarked upon to study the incidence of various types of benign lesions of larynx and their modes of clinical presentation, etiological factors and correlate the clinical and histopathological diagnosis. Patients: A total of 40 patients with benign laryngeal lesions were involved in the study with Hoarseness/change in voice; difficulty in breathing; foreign body sensation in the throat; pain on speaking and fatigue of voice and common cold; the findings were correlated with indirect laryngoscopy;. The patients were in the age group of 9-62 years. Patients with clinical diagnosis of malignancy of larynx; all cases with inflammatory lesions; patients with speech defect due to central nervous system (CNS) lesions; patients with oral and pharyngeal pathology; and cases with nasal and nasopharyngeal pathology, were excluded from the study. Results: Male preponderance was seen i.e. 25 cases (62.5%) with male to female ratio 1.67:1. Most patients constituted the age group 21-30 years. Vocal Cord nodules werefound to be the most common type of lesion with 18 cases (45 %). Housewives were found to be the most afflicted group 10 cases (25 %). Vocal Abuse was found to be most common predisposing factor 25 cases (62.5 %) and most common presenting symptom was Hoarseness of Voice (100 %).

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Dacrocystorhinostomy (DCR) is the procedure done to drain the lacrimal sac in cases of nasolacrimal duct obstruction or in chronic dacrocystitis. New advancements in nasal endoscopic surgeries have given results comparable to external DCR. This is a prospective, case control, randomized, double blinded study to compare efficacy of mitomycin c local application versus gentamicin + dexamethasone local application intraoperatively.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> Fifty two patients who underwent endonasal endoscopic DCR at our Tertiary care centre between October 2015 and February 2017. All patients were operated by a single surgeon with double blind method of assigning case. In 26 patients pledgets soaked with 0.4 mg/ml mitomycin C were kept over operative site for 10 min and in other 26 patients pledgets soaked with gentamicin and dexamethasone. Post operatively patients were assessed after 1^st and 2^nd week and 1^st and 3^rd month after surgery; post-operative complaints of epiphora were graded.  </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Maximum patients belonged to the age group of 31-60 yrs (78%), females constituted the majority with n=36 (69%). At the end of the study Group A had 92% success and Group B had 85% relief in complaints.</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> We have found statistically insignificant difference between the outcome of local application of Mitomycin C and Gentamicin and dexamethasone. Thus it can be used as substitute or adjuvant with mitomycin C in the intraoperative procedure.</p>