Oxidative stress and infectious diseases are health problems on a global scale. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant and anti-gastroenteritis activities of hydroethanolic extracts of leaves of Funtumia elastica and Caesalpinia bonduc. After obtaining the hydroethanolic extracts, the phytochemical tests were carried out. The antioxidant activity was evaluated by different assays using 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and lipid peroxidation inhibition (FTC and TBARS methods). The agar well diffusion method was used to determine the antibacterial activity to the plant extract. The triphytochemical study has revealed that these plants extracts contain a diversity of secondary metabolites. F. elastica gave a good anti-radical activity (IC50 = 36 μg/ml). F. elastica recorded the highest rate of inhibition of lipid peroxidation with 63% (FTC method) and 65% (TBARS method). C. bonduc extract (200 mg/ml) inhibited the in vitro growth of all the bacterial strains studied in this study with inhibition diameters that evolved between 9 mm and 13 mm. These plant extracts could be used if they are improved for the treatment of gastroenteritis related to Shigella and Escherichia coli and in the care of pathologies related to oxidative stress. © 2020 International Formulae Group. All rights reserved. Keywords: Antioxidant, anti-gastroenteritis, Funtumia elastica, Caesalpinia bonduc, hydroethanolic extracts

Piliostigma reticulatum (Caesalpiniaceae) has been used in traditional medicine for the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders like diarrhea. The aim of the present study was to examine the relaxant activity of an extract of P. reticulatum stem bark and five of its fractions on isolated rabbit duodenum. Segments of duodenum of rabbits were suspended in an organ bath. The ethanol extract had been fractioned to obtain some fractions heptane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, butanol and aqueous extract. The ethanol extract and the dichloromethane fraction were tested on the contraction of rabbit duodenum at the increasing concentrations. Increasing concentrations of P. reticulatum ethanol extract and its fraction induced a relaxant effect on spontaneous rabbit duodenum. The ethanol extract reduced duodenum contraction totally at 1.32 mg/mL at IC50 = 0.62 mg/mL. At the test concentration of 0.52mg/mL in organ bath, the dichloromethane fraction showed a relaxation of 100% (IC50 = 0.24 mg/mL). Piliostigma reticulatum stem bark possesses antispasmodic properties that can at least explain and support its traditional use against diarrhea.

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Au Nord de la Côte d’Ivoire, Vitellaria paradoxa (karité) est une plante médicinale couramment utilisée contre de nombreuses pathologies. Le présent travail a pour objectif de déterminer les principaux constituants chimiques et d’évaluer l’activité antioxydante des extraits aqueux et hydro-éthanolique (70 %) d’écorces de tiges de cette plante. Les différents groupes chimiques ont été mis en évidence par la technique de coloration et de précipitation en tubes. La méthode de réduction du radical 2,2’-diphényl-1-picrylhydrazyle (DPPH) a permis d’évaluer le pouvoir antioxydant des extraits. Le criblage phytochimique a révélé la présence de principaux groupes chimiques suivants: alcaloïdes, anthraquinones, polyphénols totaux, terpènes et stérols, saponines et tanins. Le test de DPPH a montré une activité antioxydante importante des deux extraits, comparée à celle de la Vitamine C (CI50 =0,80±0,7 μg/mL) avec des CI50 respectives de 0,42±0,3 μg/mL pour l’extrait aqueux et 0,87±0,7 μg/mL pour l’extrait hydro-éthanolique. Ces résultats pourraient justifier l’utilisation traditionnelle de V. paradoxa pour le traitement de diverses pathologies dans de nombreuses régions de l’Afrique de l’Ouest.  In North of Côte d ’Ivoire, Vitellaria paradoxa (Shea tree) is a medicinal plant commonly used against many pathologies. The objective of this work is to determine phytochemical constituents and to evaluate antioxidant activity of aqueous and hydro-ethanolic extracts (70%) of Vitellaria paradoxa. Different chemical groups were highlighted by the tube staining and precipitation technique and the 2, 2’-diphényl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method allowed the evaluation of the antioxidant power of the extracts. Phytochemical tests revealed the following chemical groups: alkaloids, anthraquinones, total polyphenols, terpenes and sterols, saponins and tannins. The DPPH test showed significant antioxidant activity of the two extracts compared to Vitamin C (IC50 = 0.80 ± 0.7 μg/mL) with IC50 respectively 0.42 ± 0.3 μg/mL for the aqueous extract and 0.87 ± 0.7 μg/mL for the hydro-ethanolic extract. These results could justify the traditional use of V. paradoxa in the treatment of various pathologies in many parts of West Africa.

The objective of the present study was to investigate the anticholinergic and adrenergic activities of a dichloromethane fraction of a crude ethanol extract of stem bark of P. reticulatum, on isolated rabbit duodenum contractions. In the first study, the dichloromethane fraction was tested on the isolated rabbit duodenum contractions at increasing concentrations (0.13; 0.26; 0.39 and 0.52 mg/mL) after addition of acetylcholine. In the second study, the dichloromethane fraction was tested on the isolated rabbit duodenum contractions ten minutes after addition of prazosin or propanolol at increasing concentrations (10 -4 , 10 -3 and 10 -2 mg/mL). The amplitude and tone induced by acetylcholine were significantly inhibited by the dichloromethane fraction. At a concentration of 0.52 mg/mL, the amplitude induced by the acetylcholine was 0.42 ± 0.05g. The relaxation induced by the dichloromethane fraction was significantly inhibited by prazosin and propanolol as well. At a concentration of 10 -2 mg/mL, prazosin and propanolol inhibited the relaxation induced by the dichloromethane fraction at rates of 18.6 ± 2.42 and 17.4 ± 0.7 % respectively. Results showed that the dichloromethane fraction of crude ethanol extract of stem bark of Piliostigma reticulatum exhibited anticholinergic and adrenergic properties that could at least explain and back up its traditional use against diarrhea.