Primary systemic vasculitis can affect every structure in both the central and peripheral nervous system, causing varied neurological manifestations of neurological dysfunction. Early recognition of the underlying causes of the neurological symptoms can facilitate timely treatment and improve the prognosis. This review highlights the clinical manifestations of primary systemic vasculitis in the nervous system.

Background: It is difficult to discriminate between headache attributed to transient ischaemic attack from migraine with aura. We studied the characteristics of headache-attributed transient ischaemic attacks to provide clinical evidence for the treatment of headache attributed to transient ischaemic attack.Methods: We performed a prospective study with a retrospective baseline evaluation of all patients with headaches attributed to transient ischaemic attack (22) during a three-year period. The demography, vascular risk factors and clinical information were collected. The following typical symptoms were evaluated by an ABCD2 score of 4 or greater. The headache characteristics were collected within a 24-hour interval after the onset of transient ischaemic attack.Results: Headache that is attributed to transient ischaemic attack accounted for 8.2% (22/269) of the patients with transient ischaemic attack. Headache attributed to transient ischemic attack was more common in women (68.2%, 15/22) and in posterior circulation of transient ischemic attack (59.1%,13/22). These types of headaches were similar to tension-type headache and included a bilateral location (72.7%, 16/22), a dull quality (72.7%, 16/22), and a moderate intensity (54.5%, 12/22).Conclusions:Our study showed that headache attributed to transient ischaemic attack was similar to a tension-type headache and was more common in women and in patients with posterior circulation transient ischaemic attacks.