Construction Morphology is a theory of word structure in which the complex words of a language are analyzed as constructions, that is, systematic pairings of form and meaning. These pairings are analyzed within a Tripartite Parallel Architecture conception of grammar. This presupposes a word-based approach to the analysis of morphological structure and a strong dependence on paradigmatic relations between words. The lexicon contains both words and the constructional schemas they are instantiations of. Words and schemas are organized in a hierarchical network, with intermediate layers of subschemas. These schemas have a motivating function with respect to existing complex words and specify how new complex words can be formed. The consequence of this view of morphology is that there is no sharp boundary between lexicon and grammar. In addition, the use of morphological patterns may also depend on specific syntactic constructions (construction-dependent morphology). This theory of lexical relatedness also provides insight into language change such as the use of obsolete case markers as markers of specific constructions, the change of words into affixes, and the debonding of word constituents into independent words. Studies of language acquisition and word processing confirm this view of the lexicon and the nature of lexical knowledge. Construction Morphology is also well equipped for dealing with inflection and the relationships between the cells of inflectional paradigms, because it can express how morphological schemas are related paradigmatically.

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This paper presents a survey of the Polish stress system and explores the theoretical consequences of' this system for a number of current issues in phonological theory: the notion 'extrametricality'; grids versus trees, and principles of eurhythmicity. It is argued that the metrical grid is superior to the metrical tree for the description of' stress patterns in Polish words and phrases. This analysis of Polish stress has also consequences for the typology of stress systems. Furthermore, the analysis of stress in Polish compounds substantiates the claim of current prosodie theory that phonological structure need not be isomorphic to morphological structure.

In this paper it is argued that the phonological behavior of clitics should not be accounted f or by assuming a special prosodie category "Clitic Group ". Clitics are integrated into the preceding or the following prosodie word. As far as Dutch is concerned, it appears that proclitics behave like prefixes, and are Chomskyadjoined to the following prosodie word, whereas enclitics behave like suffixes, and form part of the last foot of the preceding prosodie word. In most cases, there is a general preference for leftward cliticization IntroductionClitics form a classic case of non-isomorphy between the syntactic structure and the prosodie structure of sentences. For instance, the relevant aspects of the syntactic structure and the prosodie structure of the simple Dutch sentence Jan kocht het boek 'John bought the book' can be represented as follows:The prosodie structure is non-isomorphic to the syntactic structure: The weak form of the determiner het /3t/ depends syntactically on the following noun, but1. This is the revised version of a paper given at the Prosodie Phonology workshop of the 1994 GLOW meeting in Vienna. I would like to thank the organi/ers of the workshop. Marina Nespor and Sharon Peperkamp, and Mirjam Ernestus for their comments. Thanks ure also due to the anonymous referee for the useful suggestions made.

In construction morphology, complex words are seen as constructions on the word level. The notion 'construction', a pairing of form and meaning, as developed in the theory of Construction Grammar, is essential for an insightful account of the properties of complex words. Morphological patterns can be represented as constructional schemas that express generalizations about sets of existing complex words and word forms, and provide the recipes for coining new (forms of) words. Such schemas form part of a hierarchical lexicon with generalizations on different levels of abstraction, they account for holistic properties of complex words that are not derivable from their constituents, and they can be unified into complex schemas that express the co-occurrence of certain types of word formation. The format of constructional schemas is also appropriate for phrasal lexical units with word-like functions such as phrasal names, particle verbs, and periphrastic expressions.