The complete characterization of wood, with the determination of the 12 elastic constants that represent its orthotropy, is greatly relevant in applications employing structural calculation software programs. Ultrasound allows for such characterization with relative simplicity when compared to other methods. The polyhedron is considered the most appropriate specimen format for allowing the 12 constants to be calculated with a single specimen, and the traditionally used one is the 26-sided polyhedron, which, to be produced manually with more precision in directing the main directions of the wood, needs larger faces. The accuracy of this technique tends to be reduced when increasing the growth rings’ inclination since the waves deviate from the main directions of orthotropy. This research aimed to verify whether it is possible to reduce the polyhedra dimension without affecting the results of the elastic parameters obtained in wood characterization by ultrasound. The results indicate that the dimension of the polyhedron can be reduced without prejudice to the results of the elastic parameters obtained by the ultrasound test and that, in the manual production process of the specimen, the best way to make this reduction is to eliminate the faces unused in the test, changing the polyhedron to 18 faces instead of 26. Reducing the number of faces simplifies the manufacturing process and thus increases the possibility of producing specimens with straighter growth rings and better-directed symmetry axes.

conhecimento das propriedades elásticas da madeira é fundamental para sua adequada aplicação. O corpo de prova poliédrico com 26 faces, utilizado na caracterização completa da madeira por ultrassom, já está bem estabelecido, porém os valores obtidos para os coeficientes de Poisson apresentam algumas divergências. Sendo assim, este projeto de iniciação científica teve como objetivo a caracterização completa da madeira por ultrassom utilizando corpos de prova poliédrico com número reduzido de faces. Os resultados obtidos para os parâmtros elásticos para três especies de madeira mostraram que é possível utilizar o poliedro de 18 faces para caracterizar o material.

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