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Earlier studies have shown that various stimuli can induce specific cytosolic calcium ( (McAinsh 1997; Blatt 1999;Schroeder et al. 2001aSchroeder et al. , 2001bYang and Wang 2001

Forest biomass plays a key role in the global carbon cycle. In the present study, a general allometric model was derived to predict the relationships among the stem biomass MS, aboveground biomass MA and total biomass MT, based on previously developed scaling relationships for leaf, stem and root standing biomass. The model predicted complex scaling exponents for MT and/or MA with respect to MS. Because annual biomass accumulation in the stem, root and branch far exceeded the annual increase in standing leaf biomass, we can predict that MT∝MA∝MS as a simple result of the model. Although slight variations existed in different phyletic affiliations (i.e. conifers versus angiosperms), empirical results using Model Type II (reduced major axis) regression supported the model's predictions. The predictive formulas among stem, aboveground and total biomass were obtained using Model Type I (ordinary least squares) regression to estimate forest biomass. Given the low mean percentage prediction errors for aboveground (and total biomass) based on the stem biomass, the results provided a reasonable method to estimate the biomass of forests at the individual level, which was insensitive to the variation in local environmental conditions (e.g. precipitation, temperature, etc.).

The origin and dynamics of the metabolic scaling is a fundamental problem in ecology and related sciences. The famous power law was queried by the notable variations of the power exponent and the non-log-linear curvature of metabolic scaling. Here, we proposed a novel enzyme-driven model of metabolic scaling based on the hypothesis that the key enzyme constrained the relative rate of both metabolism and growth based on the basic biochemical evidences. The predictions were tested by the broad range of compiled database from prokaryotes to higher animals. The results showed that: (1) both metabolism (Q) and body mass (m) were increased with the rate-limiting enzyme activity exponentially, (2) both natural logarithmic metabolism (lnQ) and body mass (lnm) were limiting resource dependent, and (3) lnQ was lnm dependent, that is the non-log-linear scaling, when Q and m had the different half-saturation constant of substrate response (KQ [?] Km) and log-linear scaling when KQ = Km, which showed how and why the variation of scaling dynamics and the exponent. The results mean that the dynamics of metabolic scaling may be mainly originated from the enzymatic dynamics and the lnQ and lnm dependent model may be more general than the power law of metabolic scaling Hosted file A general enzyme-driven rule of metabolic scaling derived from the biochemical mechanism in organisms.do available at https://authorea.com/users/340413/articles/467502-a-general-enzyme-driven-ruleof-metabolic-scaling-with-body-mass-and-evolution-in-organisms