The important discovery of I~ILSSON-EttLE (1908, 1909 and EAST (1910) that the same apparent or "phenotypic" characteristic may be produced independently by any one of several Mendelian factors which are not allelomorphic to each other, causing the alternative characters (when dominance is complete) to segregate in the F2 in the ratios 1 5 : 1 , 63: 1, 255: 1, etc., has opened the way to a Mendelian interpretation of several classes of phenomena which have beew rather generally regarded as non-Mendelian, including the inheritance of apparently continuous quantitative differences, the apparent modification of unit-characters by selection, the apparent failure to segregate in F2, and the occasional appearance of atavistic or otherwise aberrant individuals which, because of their recessive character, breed true, and which in consequence have been generally considered mutants.As these phenomena are in the aggregate of very frequent occurrence, the availability of this Mendelian interpretation for any considerable portion of them must depend upon the correctness of the assumption that such duplication of determiners is also frequent. While this may not seem inherently improbable, the number of fully demonstrated cases of this kind can still be counted on the fingers of one hand, and it becomes a matter of considerable importance tO add to this list.To account for certain ratios which have appeared in the hybrids between Bursa bursa-~vastoris and/~, fleegeri in respect to the form of 1) Read before the American Society of Naturalists in Cleveland, Ohio, January 2, 1913. Extended to include discussions of more recent literature.
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