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Communication of the maturity of technology through the program/product life cycles helps enhance risk management from the beginning and support decision-making strategies for research, development, and allocation of resources. Currently, many organizations use the technology readiness level (TRL) as a simple metric to indicate the maturity of the technology. This article will discuss the TRL history, define the TRL levels, show how the TRL relates to the technology life cycle, and how the TRL framework contributes to the human readiness level (HRL) structure. Through the TRL advantages and disadvantages, this article will show how the TRL falls short in numerous areas of engineering, including the integration readiness of system/subsystem components and assessment of the readiness of the technology to operate within the human capabilities and limitations. Yet the article also shows how the TRL serves as the foundation for HRL.

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<p class="Abstract">A pre-flight checklist requires in-depth technical knowledge of the aircraft and its dashboard, avionics, instruments, functions, and cabin layout. The student in training to be a pilot or advanced pilot, to obtain an updated certification, must know very thoroughly each instrument and its position on the flight panel. Every second spent searching for the location of an instrument, switch or indicator can waste time, resulting in a poor start-up procedure and possibly a safety hazard. The objective of this research was to obtain preliminary data to determine if the use of AR  as a human interface for training can help pilots improve their skills and help them learn new flight panel layouts of different aircraft. The methodology used was Human-Centered Design (HCD) which is a multidisciplinary process that involves many actors who collaborate on design skills, including people who belong to this process such as flight instructors, students, and pilots. A mobile/tablet application prototype was created with enough detail of a flight panel of a Cessna150, an aircraft used in training flights at the Santa Catarina Aeroclub. The tests were applied in Brazil and the results showed a good response and acceptance from the users.</p>

The Human Readiness Levels (HRL) scale is a simple nine-level scale developed as an adjunct to complement and supplement the existing Technology Readiness Levels (TRL) scale widely used across government agencies and industry. A multi-agency working group consisting of nearly 30 members representing the broader human systems integration (HSI) community throughout the Department of Defense (DOD), Department of Energy (DOE), other federal agencies, industry, and academia was established in August 2019. The working group’s charter was to mature the HRL scale and evaluate its utility, reliability, and validity for implementation in the systems acquisition lifecycle. Toward that end, the working group examined applicability of the HRL scale for a range of scenarios. This panel will discuss outcomes from the working group’s activities regarding HRL scale structure and usage.