This paper deals with radiation drying of woven and matted wool felts, of woven wool crepe, and of absorbent cotton batting. Radiant energy was supplied by R-40 electric lamps, and air conditions at the surface of the samples were controlled. Drying rate curves are analyzed in terms of drying mechanisms, and comparisons are made with convection drying by means of heated air. Among the variables discussed are air conditions, air velocity, intensity of radiant energy, sample thickness, optical properties of the materials being dried, and the initial regain.AS A MEANS of transmitting heat energy, radiation has certain attractive features. It is applied by direct, linear propagation and involves no intermediate heat storage; it lends itself to instantaneous control; and because of the high energy flow rates that may be achieved, equipment sizes may be correspondingly small and process time cycles may be short. Based upon these features, an important infrared heating industry has been developed within the last decade. Heating, to raise the temperature of materials, baking or curing, to cause a chemical reaction to take place, and drying, to remove water or organic solvents, are industrial operations being performed. Typical examples are baking of resins in surface coatings and in textile finishes, softening thermoplastics, shrink-fitting metal parts, softening adhesives, heat-set printing and drying plaster and clay molds, electrical insulation, wood pulp products, and textile materials.Radiation drying of textile materials by means of high-intensity sources such as heat lamps and radiant gas burners, which is the specific subject of this paper, was introduced into the textile industry at about the beginning of World War II. To date, radiation driers have been used mainly to increase the capacity of existing drying equipment such as loop driers and drying cans [7] . Near infrared units are well suited for such booster service because they at OAKLAND UNIV on June 15, 2015 trj.sagepub.com Downloaded from

The corrosion fatigue of steel wire in sodium chloride solutions of concentrations ranging from 0.01M to 1.0M at room temperature was found to be slowed more by saturation with pigment zinc yellow than by addition of equivalent potassium chromate. The increase in the life of the steel sample ranges from 15% to 115%, depending upon the inhibitor and the stress range.Wire samples were tested in the Kenyon rotating-wire arc fatigue machine. When the metal was active, the data formed a smooth curve, but when passive, a wide scatter of results was obtained, as a result of probability factors. Under these conditions repeated observations were required to provide reasonable precision of results. The life vs. stress curve does not flatten out, but continues to decrease with increasing life. On passivated short steel wire samples (naounted so as to adhere closely to true arc curvature), compact adherent mounds of corrosion product covering corrosion-fatigue pits were comparatively large and far apart at low stresses and were smaller and much closer at high stresses. This is believed to indicate that the localized cathodic current density required to protect a corroding area increases with increased strain in the metal. With long wire samples (with w'hich there is a slight departure from arc curvature and from equal stress distribution), corrosion-fatigue occurs on the wire in spots distributed as above, but the attack develops more rapidly in areas of higher stress.Addition of chromate to sodium chloride solutions extends the wire life without causing occasional acceleration of attack, which it may cause under stressless conditions. Zinc ion increases wire life in either the presence or absence of chromate, due probably to its action as a polarizer of the corrosion cathode. Variation of pH from 6.5 to 7.6 in the potassium chronlate-inhibited solution has no 1harked effect. The relation between sodium chloride concentration and the sample life is shown by data obtained at three representative stresses and three sodium chloride concentrations uninhibited and with each inhibitor.Steel wire smnples having a copper plate and others with a copperover-zinc plate were tested to investigate flae combined effect of plating 1 Manuscript received May 5, 1942.

No abstract

No abstract