No abstract

An important aspect of orthodontic microimplants is represented by biocompatibility and avoidance of infection development at living tissue surrounding it. Therefore, nanotechnology has the ability to improve this issue by coating microimplants with metal oxides type nanomaterials possessing antimicrobial effect. Some features of advanced nanostructured materials used as implant coatings, such as composition, structure, specific surface area, porosity, shape and size are factors that make them suitable as antimicrobial agents. The present work deals with the structural and morphological studies of ZnO and TiO2 nanoparticles used to combat oral diseases. Coating microimplants with nanosized titanium oxide (TiO2) and zinc oxide (ZnO) may improve conditions for osseointegration in accordance with preventing oral infection. These metal oxides nanopowders were synthesized using sol-gel method. Structural and morphological investigation were carried out by XRD and FTIR spectra, SEM-EDX and TEM images respectively. XRD and FTIR analyses confirmed metal oxides crystallization and metal oxide bonds. SEM-EDX and TEM features confirmed elemental composition of these nanoparticles and their textural characteristics such as shape, size, porosity and agglomeration degree.

Metronidazole active molecules were intercalated in the inner space of MgAl layered double hydroxides by simple coprecipitation method. The new synthesized nanohybrid material and the pristine hydrotalcite were characterized by different techniques such as X-ray diffraction, infrared spectroscopy and UV-vis spectroscopy verifying thus the incorporation of the antibiotic into the lamellar gallery of hydrotalcite type anionic clay. Studies regarding metronidazole controlled release from synthetic nanocomposite showed that the organic-inorganic nanohybrid structure can serve as drug controlled release system for a wide variety of antibiotics and other molecules used in dental medicine in order to maintain good public health dentistry.

In last few years, researchers focused on improvement of lifespan of dental mini-implants by coating them with nanopoarticles for a better osseo-integration, which also possesses antibacterial properties. Once their surface is coated with nanoparticles type silver dopped hydroxyapatite makes them durable and safe by a good integration into tissue and by preventing bacterial infections. It is well known that a particular problem with medical devices such as dental mini-implants is bacterial colonization. For this reason the use of nanoparticles coated mini-implants is a measure to prevent or to treat infections caused by microbial agents present in oral cavity. Our study considers the possibility of using silver doped hydroxyapatite thin films on titanium mini-implants as an osseo-integration and antibacterial component. Therefore several physic-chemical analyses were performed in order to determine their properties and to open new perspectives to develop nanoparticulated thin films as coatings for orthodontic mini-implants.

A new hybrid nanomaterial type vitamin C/ZnAl-hydrotalcite, acting as drug delivery system for ascorbic acid, was developed in order to use it for stimulating salivary secretion. The synthesis of this nanomaterial was achieved using a simple coprecipitation method for intercalation of ascorbate anions in the ZnAl-hydrotalcite gallery. The stability of vitamin C was significantly increased after its incorporation into the interlayer space. Structural and morphological characterization techniques revealed an alteration of the pristine nanomaterial type ZnAl-hydrotalcite when vitamin C was loaded in its matrix. Structural and morphological analysis showed that ascorbate anions were intercalated in the interlayer of ZnAl-hydrotalcite having no effect on the hydroxide lattice of hydrotalcite, so this new nanomaterial can be used for the intended purpose.