No abstract

The study provides a new perspective to the idea that fat storage increases continuously during the last period of gestation. The data presented showed that this phenomenon is not clearly demonstrated for full-term infants with appropriate weight for GA.

Background and Objectives: Infant feeding affects child growth and later obesity risk. We examined whether protein supply in infancy affects the adiposity rebound, body mass index (BMI) and overweight and obesity up to 11 years of age.Methods: We enrolled healthy term infants from five European countries in a double blind randomized trial, with anticipated 16 examinations within 11 years follow-up.Formula-fed infants (n = 1090) were randomized to isoenergetic formula with higher or lower protein content within the range stipulated by EU legislation in 2001. A breastfed reference group (n = 588) was included. Adiposity rebound and BMI trajectories were estimated by generalized additive mixed models in 917 children, with 712 participating in the 11 year follow-up.Results: BMI trajectories were elevated in the higher compared to the lower protein group, with significantly different BMI at adiposity rebound (0.24 kg/m 2 , 0.01-0.47, p = 0.040), and an increased risk for overweight at 11 years (adjusted Odds Ratio 1.70; 1.06-2.73; p = 0.027) but no significant difference for obesity (adjusted Odds Ratio 1.47; 0.66-3.27). The two formula groups did not differ in the timing of Clinical Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT00338689,