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Structure-activity relationships in a series of (5i?)-6-triazolylmethylene penems with potent /Mactamase inhibitory activity are described. In most cases, their in vitro synergistic activity with amoxycillin is superior to that of clavulanic acid, sulbactam and tazobactam (YTR830). Against an Escherichia coli TEM-1infection in mice, the compoundsshowed a broad range of potencies; an optimum polarity was found, however, which gave maximumpotency.Earlier papers in this series1~4) have described the synthesis and biological properties of a series of racemic 6-(substituted methylene)penems. Of particular interest was the triazolylmethylene penem (5b), and this paper outlines some further work on a series of triazolyl derivatives with a chiral centre at C-5. ChemistryThe (5i?,6Z)penems (5) were prepared using two routes. Route A (Scheme 1) has been described for the preparation of 5b5) and is shown schematically in full elsewhere6): it requires a 1,2,3-triazolecarboxylic Scheme 1.