Aim: To describe the genetics behind oculocutaneous albinism (OCA), and explore OCA in an African context in terms of the effects on the health and education of individuals with OCA. Methods: A literature-based review was conducted using Pubmed. Searches were restricted to Englishbased publications, focusing on OCA in Africa. Results: The genetics behind OCA and the effects of OCA in terms of visual impairment and skin cancer are explained along with a description of what low vision services and low vision aids are available to those with OCA in Africa. Conclusions: The review concludes with useful advice to those with OCA and those working with or teaching students with OCA.

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Aim: This phenomenological study looked at the nature of undergraduate medical student learning in an ophthalmology environment. The study set out to identify what influences the quality of medical students' educational experience in ophthalmology. The study was conducted on 17 final-year medical students from a medical school in the west of Ireland, after undertaking their 3-week combined clinicalbased ophthalmology/neurology programme at a tertiary referral teaching hospital. Methods: Learning diaries were used as a reflective tool for recording the learners' personal learning experiences. A primary analysis of the diaries was used to formulate a topic guide for semi-structured interviews with each of the participating students. Template analysis was used to code the data, create themes and establish thematic hierarchies. Results: Individual students' learning experiences were affected by intra-personal and inter-personal factors. Inter-personal factors included the quality of the learner-teacher relationship and the interaction between peer learners. Intra-personal factors were individual perceptions of what was expected of the students by tutors and by the medical school. Conclusion: To create positive and effective learning environments for learners in ophthalmology and orthoptics, teachers should become much more aware of themselves as models of practice and should take time to observe students perform as well as provide feedback.

Aim: To discuss the pharmacological management of a patient following strabismus surgery. Method: The case of an 18-year-old woman who underwent strabismus surgery is described from the perspective of her post-operative pharmacological management. Results: The patient underwent successful and uncomplicated strabismus surgery. The pharmacological treatment is explained from the perspective of controlling the possible post-operative complications. Conclusion: The Royal College of Ophthalmologists does not have a specific guideline on the pharmacological post-operative care of patients following strabismus surgery. Given the lack of significant randomised controlled studies addressing pharmacological care after strabismus surgery, the management in this case was not evidence-based but based on the experience of a senior consultant ophthalmic surgeon.

Aim: To discuss the rare complication of diplopia following surgical repair of a primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. Method: The case of a 52-year-old woman who underwent cryo-buckle surgery for her retinal detachment repair is described from the perspective of her post-operative orthoptic management. Results: A conservative approach was taken as the patient's diplopia was controlled by the use of prisms. Conclusion: Options to control diplopia include prisms, Botox and strabismus surgery; however, the conservative approach of incorporated prisms to control a small strabismus is generally sufficient.