Objectives:To evaluate the compliance with the opportunities of hand hygiene by dentistry school healthcare professionals, as well as the higher choice products.Methods:Through direct observation, the oral healthcare team-professors, oral and maxillofacial surgery residents, graduation students-for daily care were monitored: before performing the first treatment of the shift, after snacks and meals, and after going to the bathroom (initial opportunities) as well as between patients’ care, and after ending the shift (following opportunities).Results:The professors’ category profited 78.4% of all opportunities while residents and graduation students did not reach 50.0% of compliance. Statistically significant data (P≤.05) were seen between categories: professors and residents, professors and graduation students, and between genders within the residents’ category. When opportunities were profited, the preferred choice for hand hygiene was water and soap (82.2%), followed by 70% alcohol (10.2%), and both (7.6%).Conclusions:Although gloves were worn in all procedures, we concluded that the hygiene compliance by these professionals was under the expectation.

Abstract. The aim of the present study was to investigate the local effect of 10% doxycycline and 1% alendronate combined with poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) on bone repair. Thirty rats were divided into three groups, as follows: control group (CG), drug group (DG), and vehicle-PLGA group (VG). Bone defect was created in the right femur and filled with the following: blood clot (CG); PLGA gel, 10% doxycycline and 1% alendronate (DG); or vehicle-PLGA (VG). The animals were euthanized 7 or 15 days after surgery. Bone density, bone matrix and number of osteoclasts were quantified. At 7 days, the findings showed increased density in DG (177.75±76.5) compared with CG (80.37±27.4), but no difference compared with VG (147.1±41.5); no statistical difference in bone neoformation CG (25.6±4.8), VG (27.8±4), and DG (18.9±7.8); and decrease osteoclasts in DG (4.6±1.9) compared with CG (26.7±7.4) and VG (17.3±2.7). At 15 days, DG (405.1±63.1) presented higher density than CG (213.2±60.9) and VG (283.4±85.8); there was a significant increase in percentage of bone neoformation in DG (31.5±4.2) compared with CG (23 ±4), but no difference compared with VG (25.1±2.9). There was a decreased number of osteoclasts in DG (20.7±4.7) and VG (29.5±5.4) compared with CG (40±9.4). The results suggest that the association of 10% doxycycline and 1% alendronate with PLGA-accelerated bone repair.

Multidrug-resistant (MDR) Acinetobacter baumannii (Acb) is a rapidly emerging pathogen in healthcare settings. The aim of this study was to evaluate the predictors of poor outcome in patients with MDR Acb. This is the first report documenting factors influencing survival in patients with MDR Acb in this tertiary hospital. This study is a prospective of the hospital epidemiology database. A total of 73 patients with 84 Acb isolates were obtained between August 2009 and October 2010 in this hospital. In the present study, the 30-day mortality rate was 39.7%. Of 84 Acb isolates, 50 (59%) were MDR, nine (11%) were pan-resistant, and 25 (30%) were non-MDR. The non-MDR isolates were used as the control group. The factors significantly associated with multidrug resistance included previous surgeries, presence of comorbidity (renal disease), use of more than two devices, parenteral nutrition, and inappropriate antimicrobial therapy. Significant predictors of 30-day mortality in the univariate analysis included pneumonia, diabetes mellitus, renal disease, use of more than two devices, and inappropriate antimicrobial therapy administered within two days of the onset of infection. The factors associated with mortality in patients with MDR Acb infection in this study were: age > 60 years, pneumonia, diabetes mellitus, renal disease, use of more than two invasive procedures, and inappropriate antimicrobial therapy. Vigilance is needed to prevent outbreaks of this opportunistic and deadly pathogen.

Vernonia brasiliana (L) Druce is a plant from the Asteraceae family. The essential oils obtained by hydro distillation from flowers and roots of V. brasiliana were analyzed by GC and GC-MS for the first time. The major components found in the flowers were (E)-hex-2-enal (4.04 %), hexan-1-ol (4.23 %), (Z)-hex-2-en-1-ol (6.32 %), palmitic acid (8.30 %), and hexacosane (4.91 %). The roots presented as major components modheph-2-ene (8.69% ), α-isocomene (15.41 %), α-gurjunene (9.61 %), β-isocomene (10.26 %) and transcaryophyllene (10.42 %), α-humulene (5.36 %), and palmitic acid (5.25 %). Leaves essential oil presented as major components trans-caryophyllene (8.73 %), bicyclogermacrene (5.78 %), germacrene-D (10.19 %), and caryophyllene oxide (4.51 %). The antimicrobial activity of the essential oil from leaves, flower and roots of V. brasiliana was evaluated against the microorganisms Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923) and Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922), using the broth micro dilution method, and the assays have showed no positive results. However, the three essential oils showed antiprotozoal activity against Trypanosoma cruzi and Leishmania amazonensis, and did not display cytotoxicity against Vero (ATCC CCL 81) and RAW 264.7 (ATCC TIB 71) cell lines. Up to date, no studies have been carried out on the antitrypanosomal, antileishmanial and cytotoxic activities of the essential oils from leaves, flowers and roots of this plant.

Multidrug-resistant (MDR) Acinetobacter baumannii (Acb) is a rapidly emerging pathogen in healthcare settings. The aim of this study was to evaluate the predictors of poor outcome in patients with MDR Acb. This is the first report documenting factors influencing survival in patients with MDR Acb in this tertiary hospital. This study is a prospective of the hospital epidemiology database. A total of 73 patients with 84 Acb isolates were obtained between August 2009 and October 2010 in this hospital. In the present study, the 30-day mortality rate was 39.7%. Of 84 Acb isolates, 50 (59%) were MDR, nine (11%) were pan-resistant, and 25 (30%) were non-MDR. The non-MDR isolates were used as the control group. The factors significantly associated with multidrug resistance included previous surgeries, presence of comorbidity (renal disease), use of more than two devices, parenteral nutrition, and inappropriate antimicrobial therapy. Significant predictors of 30-day mortality in the univariate analysis included pneumonia, diabetes mellitus, renal disease, use of more than two devices, and inappropriate antimicrobial therapy administered within two days of the onset of infection. The factors associated with mortality in patients with MDR Acb infection in this study were: age > 60 years, pneumonia, diabetes mellitus, renal disease, use of more than two invasive procedures, and inappropriate antimicrobial therapy. Vigilance is needed to prevent outbreaks of this opportunistic and deadly pathogen.