Based on game reasoning theory (Shields & Bredemeier, 2001) and related research, the present study aimed at describing young elite athletes’ perceptions of rules compliance and transgression in competitive settings, as well as the underlying reasons for these actions. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 10 young elite athletes. The qualitative analysis showed that respect and transgression of rules in competitive settings were perceived to depend upon the athletes’ individual characteristics (e.g., desire to win), their social environment (e.g., coach’s pressure, team norms), sports values and virtues (e.g., fair play, the effort ethic), and modern sports rewards (e.g., media recognition, financial rewards). These results confirmed and expanded game reasoning theory and illustrated moral disengagement mechanisms (Bandura et al., 1996) in the sport domain.
The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of alternated (segregated and integrated) basketball competition on two domains of perceived competence and on general self-worth. Participants were 24 adolescent males with intellectual disabilities divided equally into three groups: (a) those involved in basketball in an alternated sport competition, (b) those involved in adapted physical activity, and (c) those who were sedentary. The experimental treatment lasted for 13 months. For the sport competition group this involved 2 hr of training each week and 12 competitive meets. We administered Harter's (1985) Self-Perception Profile for Children 13 times to determine changes in perceived competence and general self-worth. The results indicate no significant changes for the different groups in the two domains of perceived competence and in general self-worth over 13 months.
The purpose of this study was to ascertain whether elite athletes utilize associative strategies and, on the other hand, if nonelite athletes prefer to use dissociative strategies. 60 athletes were interviewed and the Schomer's 1986 method of measurement was used to measure association and dissociation. Analysis showed no significant differences in the total associative and dissociative scores among the three different abilities. However, a significant difference was found concerning the use of dissociative strategy between men and women.
En France, après les émeutes de 1982 dans les banlieues lyonnaises, le gouvernement met en place une nouvelle politique de jeunesse.' l'espace sportif devient un lieu consensuel où policiers et travailleurs sociaux, porteurs d'identités professionnelles distinctes, interviennent dans la prise en charge de la jeunesse en utilisant le sport comme moyen de socialisation. Notre premier travail a consisté à étudier les stratégies éducatives de ces professionnels.' les policiers, par le biais des activités sportives, développent un modèle de socialisation de type hétéronome. Chez les travailleurs sociaux, il existe un décalage entre leurs discours et leurs pratiques. En effet, leurs discours mettent en exergue un modéle de socialisation de type autonome alors que l'analyse de leurs pratiques met en évidence une dimension idéologique totalitaire.
Notre recherche, centrée sur une approche longitudinale, concerne "influence que ces interventions, s'appuyant sur la pratique sportive, ont sur la socialisation des jeunes au travers d'un indicateur: ledéveloppement moral. 100 jeunes garçons de Il il 18 ans, pratiquant des Activités Physiques et Sportives avec les intervenants étudiés précédemment (50 avec les policiers, 50 avec les travailleurs sociaux), ont effectué des historiettes de situations sportives évaluant la conscience morale. Ce test a été passé en début d'activité et la mois plus tard. L'analyse statistique des résultats met en évidence
que, quelles que soient les stratégies éducatives valorisées et l'âge des jeunes, ces derniers ont un niveau de développement moral inférieur dans le post-test. Ces résultats s'avèrent contraires aux croyances dans les vertus socialisatrices du sport et nous interrogent quant à la crédibilité des politiquesde socialisation de la jeunesse en difficulté.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.