Aims of research. The use, design and analysis of architectural and building structures in the form of smooth and composite surfaces have become relevant and in demand lately, which determined the purpose of this article - to analyze the use of analytical surfaces given vector, parametric or explicit equations in real structures. Methods. The relationship between studies on the geometry of surfaces of revolution and transport and the creation of new forms of thin-walled structures and buildings is determined. An example of a real structure is given on each surface. The article does not consider composite, multifaceted, fractal surfaces, as well as surfaces that are not defined analytically. Results. It turned out that only a small number of considered surfaces of these two classes have found application in the world. At the end of the article, a bibliography is presented, which sets out the mathematical side of the design of analytical surfaces, their computer modeling, more detailed information about real structures in the form of the surfaces under consideration.

To find an adequate solution to master the risks of swelling is a more and more recurring question generally for the engineers and geo-technicians in particular. This study at first allowed to determine the physical characteristics of the soils of the district of Massi and allowed to summarize that the samples contain some strong proportion of clayey particles with a potential of variable swelling. Clays of the district of Massi are active and have an important pathological risk. So, the mechanical characteristics of the studied grounds, revealed that to fight against the swelling in the district of Massi, the works have to bring pressures of the order from 5 to 63 kPa when they are set up between 0.00 and 0.50 m; 3 to 111 kPa for 0.50-1.00 m; 56 to 136 kPa for 1.00-2.00 m; 151 to 265 kPa for 2.00-3.00 m. These pressures are inferior to the stress of pre-consolidation of the soils of the district of Massi and allow to limit the excessive subsidence of the massif of soil.

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The present study is related to the simple bending performance of a structural element made of Oil Palm Kernel Shell Concrete (OPKSC) reinforced with Borassus Aethiopum Mart (ronier). An experimental program with the use of three (03) distinct approaches of formulation was developed. These are respectively the formulation approaches proposed by Gibigaye et al (Gibigaye et al., 2017) and Yasmine et al (Traore et al., 2015) for OPKSC and the one proposed by DreuxGorisse for conventional aggregate concretes that served as control concrete. Reinforced roast concrete beams of size 150 mm × 150 mm × 910 mm were developed in accordance with NF EN 12390-1 and subjected to four (04) point bending until failure. It was observed an improvement of the bending strength of the OPKSC compared to the conventional aggregate concrete with a rate ranging from 3 to 80% depending on the type of formulation used. Similarly, the use of plasticizers improves the bending strength of OPKSC by more than 75%. Moreover, we notice the appearance of the first cracks as soon as the applied load reaches 60% of the breaking strength in bending which emphasizes the ductile behavior of OPKSC reinforced with roast. The OPKSC reinforced with ronier is a material suitable for use in the bent elements of the structure of lightly loaded buildings.