Research progress has been made in recent years in developing service or performance indicators (SPI) or methods to better measure or evaluate service or quality for pedestrians in a local context. The majority of SPIs relate objective (measurable) characteristics or attributes of the right-of-way, with the user’s perceived output variable (e.g., perceived comfort). Traditionally, these methods do not consider the user’s perspective of the input variables. However, there is evidence that the direct contact of pedestrians with the environment justifies an exploration of the contribution of perceptions to that end. This study explores the power of user perception onsite to explain the sidewalk quality of service (QoS), compared to physical and other measurable traditional inputs. Information of physical characteristics, traffic, and perceptions were acquired in 30 different urban rights of way in Bogota, Colombia. By comparing the explanatory power and the goodness of fit of different scenario models, perceptions have been found to be an important predictor to pedestrian perception of QoS. In the light of the results, this paper provides a generalized conceptual framework to explain QoS that complements the existing one and discusses the implication of the use of QoS as the outcome variable.

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More and more cities worldwide are striving for sustainability and livability. Measuring the service or performance of local-scale spaces for pedestrians and bicyclists to better understand how to provide “walkable” and “bikeable” environments is key in this endeavor to enhance active transportation. These pedestrian and bicycle service or performance indicators, such as Level of Traffic Stress or Level of Service, relate measurable characteristics with a perceived proxy of the performance or service, such as comfort, satisfaction, or quality of service (QoS). The purpose of this study is to propose and validate a framework that integrates user-oriented inputs to the existing traditional supply-oriented variables to explain the QoS in segment roadways in urban environments for active modes. The conceptual framework underlying this study considers the contribution of individual perceptions, in addition to the traditionally considered operational and geometry variables, to explain the perceived QoS of pedestrian and bicyclist infrastructure. The framework is tested via two separate and independent surveys for pedestrians and bicyclists. Evidence determined the relative importance of these supply-oriented and user-oriented factors to explain the QoS. The superior explanatory power of the perception variables and in terms of the variables that explain the individuals’ perceived QoS justify the framework for both pedestrians and bicyclists.