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Complex fenestration systems (CFS) need to be evaluated to quantify how well they contribute to avoid glare and manage the solar heat gains through building façades. It is possible to use solar bidirectional properties of CFS in some building energy simulations tools in order to evaluate more accurately their impact on lighting, cooling and heating energy consumption. genBSDF is a Radiance's program whose capabilities of assessing the bidirectional solar properties of CFS are evaluated in this paper. This evaluation was carried out for 16 cases of a venetian blind varying the solar properties and slope angle of the slats. Results of directional and bidirectional solar properties obtained by genBSDF with radiosity assumptions were compared with the results of the radiosity-based WINDOW algorithm. Results show an excellent agreement between the two approaches which demonstrates that genBSDF is a very precise and robust tool for assessing the solar bidirectional properties of CFS.

This study sought to review the effectiveness of green labels on the residential real estate market. As past studies revealed, green labels increased property prices, which motivated developers to build more green certified buildings. However, contradictory studies revealed that many developers did not use green labels due to a lack of consumer demand. Therefore, what impact do green labels have on the residential housing market? A meta-analysis of 36 articles presenting 52 different studies, published between 2008-2018, suggests that the price premium charged for green labels may have been systematically overestimated. Consumers’ willingness-to-pay (derived from correlating green labels with purchase price) does not necessarily represent the average consumer but green consumers. The conclusion that follows from this analysis is that full market transformation via green labels is unlikely to take place because only a fraction of the population is willing to pay the premium. Therefore, full adoption is unlikely without other market “interventions”.