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Background: Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is an intermediate condition between a normal cognition and dementia. The Brazilian elderly population has been recognized as a low education level one. Moreover, there have been few studies evaluating conversion rate to dementia in the Brazilian population. Methods: We conducted a cohort of individuals with aMCI and controls with normal cognition aged over 60 years, which were recruited between 2010 and 2016. The participants were annually evaluated by geriatricians and neuropsychologists trained in cognitive assessment. The categorical data were analyzed by chi-squared test and Fisher test and means comparison by T student, Anova, Mann Whiney e Kruskal-Wallis tests. Risk factors were evaluated using binary logistic regression analysis. We used the statistical package SPSS version 20.0 (IBMÒ). Results: Out of 306 individuals initially recruited for inclusion criteria, only 176 participants were selected (53 were in the control group, 111 in amnestic group and 12 in nonamnestic group), with mean age of 75.3167.25 years, 69.3% female, all had 4.1063.41 years of education. We detected 28 cases of conversion from aMCI or normal cognition (26 cases from aMCI and 2 cases from normal cognition) to dementia (92.9% Alzheimer's dementia) after a mean period of 3.0161.43 years of follow up (annually mean ratio from aMCI was 8.67%). By means of multivariate analysis, the conversion risk factors to dementia were the result of Mattis Dementia Rating Scale, subtopic memory, [OR: 1.20 (95%