Background: An emerging respiratory disease abbreviated as coronavirus disease 2019 was first reported in December 2019 in Wuhan city of China. The virus is zoonotic and tends to be transmitted between animals to humans and humans to humans. The major route of transmission of coronavirus disease 2019 is droplet and close contact. The Ethiopian Ministry of Health has initiated training for health care workers at a different level. Thus, the main objective of this study is to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of health workers in Ethiopia toward coronavirus disease 2019 and its prevention techniques. Method: An institution-based multicenter cross-sectional study was conducted in each of eight teaching and referral hospitals. A total of 422 Ethiopian healthcare workers were selected for the assessment of knowledge, attitude, and practice toward coronavirus disease 2019. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire. A logistic regression model was used to identify factors associated with the attitude and knowledge of healthcare workers toward coronavirus disease 2019 at a significance level of p < 0.05. Result: Three hundred ninety-seven healthcare workers participated in the study, with a response rate of 94%. Among these, 88.2% and 94.7% of respondents had good knowledge and positive attitudes, respectively. A respondent with a history of chronic medical illness (odds ratio: 0.193, 95% confidence interval: 0.063–0.593), social media, telecommunication, and television/radio as a source of information were significantly associated with knowledge (odds ratio: 3.4, 95% confidence interval: 1.5–7.4, OR: 4.3, 95% confidence interval: 1.3–14.3 and odds ratio: 3.2, 95% confidence interval: 1.4–7.2). In addition, respondents with a history of chronic medical illness were significantly associated with a negative attitude toward coronavirus disease 2019. Conclusion: The knowledge and attitude were good while; the practice was relatively low. Sources of information such as social media, telecommunication, and television/radio were positively associated with healthcare workers' knowledge about coronavirus disease 2019.

Aims. This systemic review and meta-analysis were aimed at determining the level of anxiety and depression among cystic fibrosis patients in the world. Methods. We conducted a systematic search of published studies from PubMed, EMBASE, MEDLINE, Cochrane, Scopus, Web of Science, CINAHL, and manually on Google Scholar. This meta-analysis follows the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The quality of studies was assessed by the modified Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). Meta-analysis was carried out using a random-effects method using the STATA™ Version 14 software. Trim and fill analysis was done to correct the presence of significant publication bias. Result. From 419,820 obtained studies, 26 studies from 2 different parts of the world including 9766. The overall global pooled prevalence of anxiety and depression after correction for publication bias by trim and fill analysis was found to be 24.91(95% CI: 20.8-28.9) for anxiety. The subgroup analyses revealed with the lowest prevalence, 23.59%, (95% CI: 8.08, 39.09)) in North America and the highest, 26.77%, (95% CI: 22.5, 31.04) seen in Europe for anxiety and with the highest prevalence, 18.67%, (95% CI: 9.82, 27.5) in North America and the lowest, 13.27%, (95% CI: -10.05, 16.5) seen in Europe for depression. Conclusion. The global prevalence of anxiety and depression among cystic fibrosis patients is common. Therefore, close monitoring of the patient, regularly screening for anxiety and depression, and appropriate prevention techniques is recommended.

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Background: Thyroid disorders refer to benign or malignant condition affecting the structure and function of the thyroid gland that may present as a derangement of thyroid hormone secretion, thyroid enlargement or pain. Thyroid disease is a global health problem and the most common type of endocrine disorders next to diabetic mellitus accounting around 30% to 40% burden of the endocrine disorder.Objective: The present study was aimed to assess the magnitude and pattern of thyroid disorders among patients with anterior neck mass visiting Jimma Medical Center (JMC) based upon clinical decision and serum levels of thyroid function test (TFT) in 2018 G.C. Methods:A cross-sectional study was employed among the sampled 239 patients, with anterior neck mass visiting JMC. Data was collected after written and informed consent was obtained by using structured questionnaire, physical examination and laboratory measurements. TFT was done by measuring serum TSH, FT4, and FT3 levels by electro-chemiluminescence immune assay method at JMC laboratory. Data was entered into Epidata version 3.1 and exported to SPSS version 22 for analysis. The data was processed, summarized and presented in the form of narratives, tables, graphs or figures.Result: A total of 239 patients with anterior neck mass visiting outpatient clinic of JMC were recruited in the study with mean age of 41.83 ± 17.52 SD years ranged from 18 to 90 years. Majority of the patients were females 212 (88.7%) while the left 27 (11.3%) were males; 155 (64.8%) of the study subjects were living in rural part while the rest 84 (35.2%) were from urban. Majority of the patients were belonged to stage II [117 (48.9%)] while others were allocated to stage III [86 (36%)], stage IB [30 (12.6%)] and stage IA [6 (2.5%)]. The mean of TSH was 0.95±49 and 0.83± 56 among males and females respectively while the mean of FT3 (4.58±38 vs. 4.27±86 vs.) and FT4 (15.47±92 vs. 14.98±44) among males and females respectively. The magnitude of signs and symptoms of patients with highest frequency were heat intolerance, irregular pulse, palpitation, cold intolerance, tachycardia, hypertension, weight gain, swelling, poor memory, weight loss and menstrual irregulaty. The discriminated types of thyroid disorders were euthyroidism 83 (34.7%), sub-clinical hypothyroidism 46 (19.2%), sub-clinical hyperthyroidism 42 (17.6%), hypothyroidism 35 (14.6%) and hyperthyroidism 33 (13.8%). Conclusion and Recommendation:Continous assessment of patients with anterior neck mass needs due emphasis for the overall management modality in preventing morbidity and mortality associated due to systemic exacerbation of the disease.

Background Insertion of laryngeal mask airway (LMA) requires an adequate depth of anesthesia. Optimal insertion conditions and hemodynamic stability during LMA insertion are mainly influenced by the choice of the intravenous induction agent. Propofol was recommended as a standard induction agent for LMA insertion. Due to unavailability and cost for treatment Propofol is not easily availed, thus this study aimed at assessing the effect of thiopentone with lidocaine spray compared to Propofol on hemodynamic change and LMA insertion on the patient undergoing elective surgery. Methods Eighty-four participants were followed in a prospective cohort study based on the induction type of either thiopentone-lidocaine group (TL) or Propofol (P). Hemodynamic variables, LMA insertion condition, apneic time, and cost of treatment during the perioperative time were recorded. Data were checked for normality using the Shapiro-Wilk test. Numeric data were analyzed unpaired student's t-test or Manny Whitney test. Categorical data were analyzed by the chi-square test. A p-value ≤ 0.05 was considered a statistically significant difference. Result The comparison of data showed that a significant reduction in mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) in the Propofol group during the first 10 min. The MAP at first minute after LMA insertion was 78.4 ± 5.5 in the Propofol group compared to 81.8 ± 5.6 in thiopentone-lidocaine group p < 0.001. the mean MAP at 5th and 10th minutes after LMA insertion is also significantly lower in the Propofol group compared to the thiopentone-lidocaine group, p < 0.05. There were no statistically significant differences regarding the heart rate change and insertion conditions between the two groups. Mean apneic time was 138 ± 45.8 s in the Propofol group and 85 ± 13.8 s in thiopentone-lidocaine group p < 0.001. Thiopentone-lidocaine group had a lower treatment cost compared to the Propofol group. Conclusion Thiopentone with 10% topical Lignocaine is an alternative for the insertion of LMA to Propofol, with better hemodynamic stability and cost-effectiveness.