Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT), an autosomal dominant vascular disease, involves mainly skin, mucocutaneous membranes, and viscera. Epistaxis is one of the most common symptoms of HHT, and chronic, frequently relapsing epistaxis can cause symptoms such as iron deficiency anemia, severe crusting, and nasal obstruction that can cause lower quality of life. Treatments for HHT range from medication and conservative management to more aggressive surgeries. None of the treatment options, however, have had satisfactory outcomes until now. We introduced cryotherapy for a patient with HHT and at least a 10-year history of frequent, severe epistaxis. This treatment strategy resulted in successful management of symptoms and no associated complications. We present herein a literature review and the clinical course and symptoms of an HHT patient who underwent cryotherapy.

Objectives:The patients with restless legs syndrome (RLS) had a lower quality of life (QOL) than normal controls. However, it's debatable which affects their QOL more, disturbing pain or poor sleep quality. We investigated the factors that influence the QOL in patients with RLS, and compared the results to those of patients with chronic osteoarthritis (OA) who were having similar physical discomfort. Methods: This is a prospective case-control study comparing the QOL of 153 RLS patients with those of 153 OA patients. To evaluate the degree of physical discomfort, the QOL and the quality of sleep, all subjects completed various questionnaires, which included the SF-36, the Visual Analogue Scale for pain, Korean versions of the Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index and the Epworth Sleepiness Scale, and the insomnia severity index. We used the χ 2 -test, t-test, analysis of covariance, Pearson's correlation, multiple stepwise regression methods for analysis. Results: The QOL in patients with RLS was higher than those with OA, though pain severity (physical discomfort) was similar in both groups. However, the quality of sleep in RLS patients was poorer than those with OA. Through multiple stepwise regression analysis, we can recognize that the most important factor affecting the QOL in RLS patients was the severity of their physical symptoms. Conclusions: We found the quality of sleep had less of an influence on the QOL than the physical discomfort of the patients with RLS.J Korean Sleep Res Soc 2012;9:34-40