Aiming at the classic problem of dyeing of polyester–cotton blended fabric one-bath one-step dyeing of PC blends with disperse dye after surface modification of cotton were studied. Surface modification of cotton was carried out using fibrous acetylation methods. The optimum value for surface modification was obtained with a concentration of acetylation agent 16% and time of reaction 2.5 h, gave a percent acetylation of 34. Surface chemistry and thermal decomposition were studied by using FTIR spectra and TGA. The tear strength crease recovery, pilling and abrasion resistance were evaluated. The experiment result of dyeing showed that the optimum value was obtained with dye concentration above 1% at a temperature of 120 °C warp tensile strength decreased by 12% and weft tensile strength was decreased by 9% from the control half-bleached fabric. Results of this study showed that one-step one bath dyed modified PC blend with disperse dye fabric presents good fastness property and color strength values compared with conventional two-bath dyed fabric.

Purpose The purpose of this study was to evaluate the extract of Moringa stenopetala seed oil, by organic solvents (methanol and hexane), for its efficacy against microbial activity on cotton fabrics. The selected microbes for the study were two types of bacteria which are Gram-positive (S. aureus) and Gram-negative (E. coli). Design/methodology/approach Two types of bacteria, Gram-positive (S. aureus) and Gram-negative (E. coli) were used. The extract was applied on fabrics at a concentration of 5, 10 and 15 g/L using the pad-dry-cure method and antibacterial activities verified by the bacterial-growth reduction method. The treated fabrics were evaluated for antimicrobial activity against the bacteria before and after 15 washing cycles. The extract was examined for molecular structural change using fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and physical properties of the fabric; tensile strength, elongation, air permeability, stiffness and wettability were evaluated. Findings Results showed treated fabrics reduces the growth of Gram-positive (S. aureus) and Gram-negative (E. coli) bacteria from 77.6%–100% before wash and 45.8%–85.2% after wash for both extract concentrations. Comparing extracts, hexane extract reduces all bacteria growth than methanol extract for both extract concentrations while S. aureus was more susceptible to antimicrobial agents than E. coli at a lower concentration. As result, the tensile strength and air permeability were relatively lower than untreated ones without affecting the comfort properties of the fabric. Originality/value This study indicates that the Moringa stenopetala seed oil extract has a strong antimicrobial activity.

Most often, reactive and disperse dyes are utilized separately in two- bath two-step dyeing method to dye polyester-cotton blend fabric. The cost of this conventional dyeing method is very expensive; energy and chemical usage is also quite higher in addition to this, the dyeing cycle is complex as compared to one-bath two-step dyeing methods or single-bath single-step dyeing methods. The single-bath single-step dyeing procedure with a single type of dye class was studied in this research. Following surface treatment of cotton through esterification procedures, polyester-cotton blend fabric dyed in single-bath single-step dyeing processes with disperse dye was examined. The association between time and the percentage of esterification was investigated at room temperature. Varying dye concentrations and dyeing temperatures were utilized to dye surface-treated p/c blend fabric in an HTHP dyeing machine. The color strength of dyed material and their fastness properties and the Surface chemistry by using FTIR were evaluated. The influence of dye concentration and temperature on color strength was investigated. With a 15% esterifying agent concentration and a reaction period of 2.5 h, the optimum value for surface modification was obtained, yielding a percent esterification of 34.95. The optimal value was attained with a dye concentration above 1% at a temperature of 120 °C, according to the dyeing experiment results. The findings of this study revealed that when compared to conventional two-bath dyed fabric, one-step one-bath dyed modified polyester/cotton blend with Disperse dye fabric has good wash fastness, and color strength, and is environmentally friendly.