Fractures of the scapula due to direct violence are relatively common. Wilber and Evans [18] reported 40 scapular fractures and reviewed the literature. All those injured had received direct trauma to the shoulder and they were able to divide their cases into two groups, based on anatomical location and functional results. Scapular fractures due to avulsion of the muscular attachments are uncommon and, as reports of these injuries in the literature are usually confined to single cases, no classification has been established which takes account of the anatomical sites at which these fractures occur and the mechanism of injury involved. In this paper the more common sites of avulsion injury of the scapula are described and illustrated by case reports. In several of these the skeletal injury resulted from muscle contraction against a resisted force on the upper limb during the course of an accident. This mechanism has been implicated in fractures of the coracoid and acromion, but is shown in this paper to contribute to other avulsion fractures.

Summary A fibrous lesion in the first phalanx of the foreleg of an 8‐month‐old castrated male Thoroughbred is identified as similar in every way to the condition recognised in humans and described as non‐ossifying fibroma. Surgical correction of this condition is outlined, the recovery indicated and histopathology discussed. Resúmé Une lésion fibreuse de la première phalange d'un antérieur chez un poulain hongre âgé de 8 mois a été identifiée dans tous ses aspects à une affection reconnue chez l'Homme et décrite comme étant un fibrome non ossifiant. On esquisse la correction chirurgicale de cette affection. Le processus de guérison est décrit et l'histopathologie est commentée. Zusammenfassung Eine fibröse Veränderung an einem vorderen Fesselbein eines 8 Monate alten Vollblutwallachs ist als identisch mit dem menschlichen nicht verknöchernden Fibrom erkannt worden. Die chirurgische Behandlung, die Heilung und die histopathologischen Befunde der Krankheit werden beschrieben.

One hundred and seven patients with intertrochanteric fractures of the femur treated with a Richards screw-plate were compared retrospectively with 103 patients treated with a Jewett nail-plate. The mortality and morbidity were similar in the two groups. In patients with comparable fractures, those treated with a Richards device mobilised more quickly and left hospital sooner, and more of them returned to their homes. Failures of stabilisation, both clinically and radiographically, were fewer in this group. The reliability of fixation with a correctly positioned Richards screw-plate could justify the omission of outpatient follow-up in all but a small group of patients with severe unstable fractures or grossly defective bone stock. The higher cost of a Richards implant and the slightly longer operative procedure were outweighed by savings in occupancy of acute and long-stay hospital beds.

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Fifty cases of resistant tennis elbow were studied, thirty seven of these had been treated by lengthening the tendon of extensor carpi radialis brevis, and thirteen by decompression of the radial tunnel. The two groups were well matched in terms of age, sex and pre-operative symptoms and signs. It was found that the results of surgery were very similar in the two groups and this observation is explained by anatomical study showing that surgical division of the fibrous arch of the superficial leaf of supinator will relieve tension on the lateral epicondyle and its adjacent structures thus allowing relief of symptoms independently of radial or posterior interosseous nerve decompression. This elaborates previously published work showing that there is no clinical or electrical evidence of radial nerve entrapment in resistant tennis elbow.