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Wittig and Wittig-Horner reactions are favorite tools in preparative organic chemistry. These ole nation methods enjoy widespread and recognition because of their simplicity, convenience, and e¯ciency. Phase transfer catalysis (PTC) is a very important method in synthetic organic chemistry having many advantages over conventional, homogenous reaction procedures. In this paper, we attempt to summarize the aspects concerning Wittig and Wittig-Horner reactions that take place under phase transfer catalysis conditions.

This paper deals with synthesis and characterization of mixed quaternary ammonium and phosphonium salts grafted on macromolecular supports by polymer-analogous trans-quaternization reactions. The degrees of functionalization with quaternary mixed ammonium and phosphonium groups are relatively high, ranging from 0.09 to 1.285 mmoles of functional groups=gram of copolymer, ensuring a sufficient concentration of active centers per unit mass of copolymer and being well suited for application as antibacterial agents.

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