Rye (Secale cereale L.) is an important crop in Europe, where it occupies about 90% of the world's area cultivated with this cereal (FAOSTAT, 2018), mainly in the countries of Central and Eastern Europe. The main research highlights the mechanisms of adaptation of rye culture to climate change, aimed at identifying genotypes that have a good behavior in culture under conditions of abiotic (thermohydric) and biotic stress (pathogens and pests) in order of restoring the production capacity and protection of agroecosystems in the area of sandy soils by promoting in culture some genotypes tolerant to thermohydric stress. In the two experimented years of 2020 and 2021 the obtained results prove the new genotypes promoted on the market had a higher capacity of production than the Control (Suceveana variety), with an average yield of over 4555 kg/ha registered at Serafino genotype in the conditions of a sandy soil with a low natural fertility, poorly supplied with total nitrogen (0.05- 0.07%). In average, during the tested years, the attack frequencies of pests manifested in the comparative rye culture, as well as the attack intensities did not show significant differences from one variety to another, significant differences compared to the control variety (Suceveana) being observed only in the case of Serafino variety.

Pathogens and pests are predicted to spread to areas where they were previously irrelevant due to climate change and human-induced changes, posing new management issues for crops, especially in cropping systems based on minimal cereal crop diversification. In temperate areas of Central and Eastern Europe, rye (Secale cereale) is a minor cereal that contributes to crops diversification particularly in marginal situations where soil and climate are unfavorable for wheat production. During 2021-2022 growing season, a plant–pest-pathogen interaction profile was observed on four rye genotypes (Binnto, Inspector, Serafino, Suceveana) and also was observed the effect of different chemical and biological pesticide formulations on rye leaf rust in a randomized complete block design with three replications in dry area from Research and Development Station for Plant Culture on Sands Dăbuleni in South of Romania. Among all evaluated rye genotypes the greatest resistance was noticed in Serafino that recorded the lowest AUDPC value (51,76), while the most susceptible was Suceveana genotype with AUDPC = 279,55.  The best protection against leaf rust was provided by Poliversum (the 1st assessment – attack degree = 3,23%; the 2nd assessment – attack degree = 7,56%). Negative and significant correlation of leaf rust attack degrees with grain yield (r =-0,9393***) were found during 2021-2022 cropping season.

Existing information in the literature on the variation in tuber yield and their inulin content, depending on the variety and soil and climatic conditions of Helianthus tuberosus L., is limited. For this reason, in the pedoclimatic conditions from ARDS Secuieni (Center of Moldova) and from ARDS Caracal (Oltenia Plain) was conducted a study regarding this aspects. This study was conducted between 2018-2020, within an experiance with four genotype of Jerusalem artichoke and specifically: Dacic dwarf, Rareș, Olimpic and Dăbuleni population. The results obtained showed major differences between the cultivated genotypes and between the two agricultural areas, both in terms of tuber yield and tuber quality. Jerusalem artichoke is a species that has resistance to drought and high temperatures, achieving average yields of 21.3 to ha-1 in Secuieni and 24.0 to ha-1 in Caracal. The Oltenia Plain offered more favorable conditions for the growth and development of Jerusalem artichoke, but the species also successfully succeeded in Central of Moldova. Inulin was present in the tubers in a percentage between 48.35% and 58.38%, which confirms the high functional potential of the species and recommends the species as a “source of fiber”. Also, due to the high mineral content identified in the tubers, the mention of “iron source” and “magnesium source” may be issued.

Jerusalem artichoke is promoted as a plant with great potential for use due to its specific chemical composition, having inulin as a reserve carbohydrate, unlike other plants that contain starch. Because the tubers deteriorate very easily during storage, it is recommended that the harvest be carried out according to use. In this work the soluble solids, inulin and reducing sugars content of three Jerusalem artichoke cultivars (Dacic, Rares and Dabuleni) grown at Agricultural Research Development Station Caracal was evaluated at two harvest times (autumn and spring). The obtained results show that the studied chemical indices vary depending on the analyzed cultivar and the stage of plant development. The tubers of the experimented Jerusalem artichoke cultivars present appreciable content of soluble solids and inulin at both harvest times. In all investigated cultivars, tubers harvested in spring have lower content of inulin and soluble solids and higher content of reducing sugars than those harvested in autumn.

Industrial hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) is a multifunctional crop that can be processed to obtain many different products like food, feed, cosmetics and pharmaceuticals, recyclable and compostable biomaterials, energy, while having a positive effect on the environment. As the world market for industrial hemp seeds and oil is on rise, research has been carried out in the climatic conditions of Central Moldova in order to obtain a new genotype of monoecious hemp in accordance with the requirements of the European market and beyond. Olivia is a new monoecious hemp variety for seed, created at Agricultural Research and Development Station Secuieni Neamț, being homologated in 2020. It was patented in 2021 and is registered in the Official European Catalog of Varieties. It was obtained by repeated hybridization (dioecious form Chi65 - female partner and monoecious form Z59 - male partner), isolation in space and repeated selection. This new variety is characterized by stems with a length of 2.6-3.2 m. The yield is of 9.5-11.0 tha-1 of stems and 1600-2000 kg ha-1of seed.