Abstract-A modified microstrip combline array antenna (MMCA) is designed to obtain wide beamwidth (≈ 90 • ) in E-plane radiation pattern and therefore the better coverage for using in the radio controller systems for avionic application. Beside wide beamwidth, wide bandwidth can be obtained by designing of MMCA in travelling wave mode. Moreover, as will be seen in the paper, to achieve a better performance we need the low sidelobe level and tilted radiation pattern, which can be obtained by suitable tapering the amplitudes of array elements and adjustment the phase difference between them, respectively.

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The Gram negative bacterium Fibrobacter succinogenes lives anaerobically in the bovine rumen and secretes β-glucanase. Barley is a cheap food input for poultry production but it is low in nutrients due to its beta glucan content. Supplementing exogenous β-glucanase (EC 3.2.1.4) to broiler diets can decrease the viscosity of the intestinal content by hydrolyzing the β-glucan and enhancing nutrient digestibility. In the current study, β-glucanase enzymatic activity was assayed after extraction from bovine rumen fluid, and then its effect on broiler performance, carcass characteristics, duodenum microbial flora, hematological and immunological parameters was compared with a commercial enzyme. A total of 120 local broilers (Golpayegani-Ross hybrid) was allocated to 3 treatments with 4 replicates per treatment and 10 birds per replicate/pen. Over a 49-day experimental period, broilers were fed a basal diet (T1), basal diet with 10 IU of extracted β-glucanase and 20% barley (T2) and basal diet with 10 IU of commercial β-glucanase and 20% barley (T3). T2 significantly increased body weight gain and decreased feed intake over the whole experimental period. Treatments had a significant effect on hematological parameters except low density lipoprotein (LDL) concentration (P<0.01). Treatments did not affect antibody titration. The highest non-eviscerated carcass weight (P<0.05) and eviscerated carcass weight (P>0.05) were associated with the T2. The same treatment also caused a significant increase in lactobacilli and Escherichia coli in the gastrointestinal tract. Consequently, enzyme addition had a positive effect on broiler performance without any adverse effects on humoral immunity parameters.Gram negatif bakteri Fibrobacter succinogenes, sığır rumeninde anaerobik olarak yaşar ve β-glukanaz salgılar. Arpa, kanatlı hayvan üretimi için ucuz bir besin maddesidir, ancak içerdiği beta glukan nedeniyle besin değeri düşüktür. Broyler diyetlerine eksojen β-glukanazın (EC 3.2.1.4) eklenmesi, β-glukanın hidrolize edilmesi yoluyla intestinal içeriğin viskozitesini azaltarak besinlerin sindirilebilirliğini arttırabilir. Bu çalışmada, sığır rumen sıvısından yapılan ekstraksiyondan elde edilen β-glukanazın enzimatik aktivitesi incelendi ve daha sonra broyler performansı, karkas özellikleri, duodenum mikrobiyal florası, hematolojik ve immünolojik parametreler üzerindeki etkisi ticari bir enzimle karşılaştırıldı. Toplam 120 lokal ırk broyler (Golpayegani-Ross hibrid), uygulama başına 4 tekrar ve her tekrarda 10 hayvan olacak şekilde 3 gruba ayrıldı. Kırkdokuz günlük deney süresince, broylerlere bazal diyet (T1), 10 IU ekstrakte β-glukanaz ve %20 arpa içeren bazal diyet (T2) ve 10 IU ticari β-glukanaz ve %20 arpa içeren bazal diyet (T3) verildi. Tüm deney dönemi boyunca T2 diyeti vücut ağırlığını önemli ölçüde arttırdı ve yem alımını azalttı. Tedaviler, düşük yoğunluklu lipoprotein (LDL) konsantrasyonu (P<0.01) dışındaki hematolojik parametreler üzerinde önemli bir etkiye sahipti. Bununla birlikte antikor düzeyi farklı tedavilerden etki...

Type traits have been used as indirect measures of selection for herd life in last few decades, because type traits can be measured earlier in first lactation, they have relative higher heritability than longevity traits and are correlated moderately with herd life. Increased herd life leads to lower replacement costs, longer use of high performance animals in their herds and also obtaining more progenies from high yielding animals.