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Background: Anxiety is an outcome of a stressful work environment, like the clinical environment, which decreases the mental health level and delays the provision of services to patients. Objectives: This study examined the effects of resilience skills training and metacognitive therapy on nurses’ anxiety working in Intensive Care units (ICUs) and Emergency Department (ED). Methods: This randomized controlled field trial was carried out on 54 nurses working in ICU, PICU, NICU, and ED of Valiasr Hospital, Birjand, Iran. The participants were allocated via permuted-block randomization into three groups of resilience, metacognitive therapy, and control. Research instruments included a demographics form and the Spielberger anxiety inventory. Parametric statistics (e.g., ANOVA, repeated-measures ANOVA, Chi-square, and Fisher’s exact test) were used for data analysis in SPSS (V.19) (P < 0.05). Results: In the resilience group, the mean scores of trait and state anxiety significantly decreased immediately and one month after the intervention compared to before the intervention (P < 0.001). However, there was no significant difference in the metacognitive therapy group in terms of the mean score of trait and state anxiety at the three stages of the study (P > 0.05). There were significant differences between the three groups in terms of trait and state anxiety mean score changes before and immediately after the intervention, as well as before and one month after the intervention (P < 0.05). Conclusions: Resilience skills training was more efficient than metacognitive therapy in the attenuation of anxiety in ICU and ED nurses. Nursing managers are proposed to hold resilience skills training to control nurses’ anxiety.

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Background and Objectives: One of the significant concepts considered by organizations is job engagement, which has been able to cover variables, namely, job engagement, motivation, and commitment. The present study aimed at investigating the effect of Luthans's psychological program on job engagement among nursing staff. Methods: In the present semi-experimental study, 64 nursing staff working at 22nd of Bahman Hospital in Khaf, during year 2017, with the inclusion criteria, were selected through convenience sampling and randomly assigned to the experimental group (N = 32) and the control group (N = 32). The training program of Luthans's Psychological Capital was presented in ten 2-hour sessions (two sessions a week) for the experimental group and the control group did not receive any intervention. The instruments for data collection included a demographic form and work engagement scale, developed by Schaufeli and Salanova (2001). Data were analyzed using SPSS-22 software, independent t-test, pairwise t-test, Mann-Whitney U, Chi-square, Fisher exact test, and two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). Results: No significant difference was found between the mean score of general job engagement and its components before the intervention in the staff of the experimental and control groups (P > 0.05). In the staff of the experimental group, after the intervention, the mean score of general job engagement and its components was significantly higher than before (P < 0.05), whereas no significant difference was observed in the control group before and after the intervention (P < 0.05). The mean variations in general job engagement score and its components before and after the intervention were significantly higher in the staff of the experimental group compared to the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusions: Based on the results of the present study, it is recommended to lay the groundwork for promoting job engagement and thus increase nurses' job engagement, using the psychological capital training program for nurses.

Background: Effective communication in nursing is one of the requirements for having proper recognition of patient care and treatment progression. Considering that, spiritual intelligence can affect some human behaviors such as amnesty, humility, and wellbeing. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of spiritual intelligence training on communication skills of nurses. Methods: This is a semi-empirical research study of pre-and post-test kind along with control group. Accordingly, 94 nurses were selected by available method and were then randomly divided into two groups of experimental and control. Both groups completed the demographic characteristics form and the questionnaire of Queendom communication skills. The experimental received 12 sessions of spiritual intelligence training within two months. One month later and immediately after the intervention, both groups completed the questionnaires for another time. The control group received no training. Data were analyzed using SPSS16 and descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: Comparing the total mean scores of nurses' communication skills before the intervention, we observed no significant statistical difference between the two groups (P = 0.41). The total mean scores for communication skills and two components of listening and regulating affections after the intervention were significantly higher for the experimental group (P = 0.001, P = 0.001, and P = 0.03, respectively). The experimental group received significantly higher changes mean score before and after the intervention compared to the control group (P < 0.05) (116.83; 120.11; 118.98). Conclusions: According to the results, although spiritual intelligence has only improved the total score of communication skills and listening skill, we expect that effects of SQ on creating communication skill need more time and practice.