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The main map covers the territory of the Tuscany Region, in Central Italy and shows the main stratigraphic and tectonic features of the internal part of the Northern Apennines. This is characterized by nappe superposition well exposed in the Apennine chain (in the eastern part of the map), as well the effects of post-nappe extensional tectonics, originating in Miocene-Pliocene and younger basins bordered by metamorphic core complexes, covering most of the central and southern part of the Region. The map is at 1:300,000 scale and is based on 1:10,000 field mapping.

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The ‘Macigno costiero’ turbidite system characterized the oldest foredeep clastic wedge of the Northern Apennines during the Late Oligocene collisional phase. The cropping-out thickness is about 500 m. The features of the ‘Macigno costiero’ indicate a sand-rich, low-efficiency turbidite system. The system developed within a partially confined basin, which was part of a complex foredeep system. The stacking pattern of the turbidite system was determined through the analysis of facies and physical stratigraphy. It consists of a succession organized in sedimentary units, which are characterized by particular associations of facies linked to distinct depositional environments. Several architectural elements are seen: (1) unchannelized and channelized lobes; (2) distributary channels with channel-fill, overbank and channel-margin deposits; (3) main channel with channel-fill, channel-margin and interchannel deposits. Five turbidite stages were identified. From the bottom up they consist of four lobe stages and one proximal channel stage. The lobe stages are characterized by thickening-coarsening upward trends, from distal lobes to proximal lobes up to the channel-lobe transition zone. The uppermost, fifth stage is linked to a main channel complex with stacked channel-fill, channel-margin and interchannel deposits. This final stage also marks the maximum progradation of the system up to its closure due to the synsedimentary overthrusting of the orogenic wedge.

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