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This paper reports the development, validation, and application of the thermophysical and transport properties of coconut, palm, and soy methyl esters for fuel spray and combustion modeling under light-duty diesel engine conditions. The developed fuel library is implemented in an open-source CFD code. The fuel properties are validated for both constant volume combustion chamber and compression ignition (CI) engine operation at a wide range of conditions. Sensitivity analysis on the effects of individual fuel properties is also investigated under both conditions. The properties of interest for the study are density, vapor pressure, heat of vaporization, liquid heat capacity, vapor heat capacity, second-virial coefficient, liquid dynamic viscosity, vapor dynamic viscosity, liquid thermal conductivity, vapor thermal conductivity, surface tension, and vapor diffusivity. From these twelve physical and transport properties, only five have significant effects on fuel spray structure, combustion, and emission characteristics. These are vapor pressure, vapor diffusivity, surface tension, liquid density, and liquid dynamic viscosity. However, only vapor pressure and surface tension have the strongest influence on the mixture preparation process.

The 4th Workshop of the Engine Combustion Network (ECN) was held September 5-6, 2015 in Kyoto, Japan. This manuscript presents a summary of the progress in experiments and modeling among ECN contributors leading to a better understanding of soot formation under the ECN “Spray A” configuration and some parametric variants. Relevant published and unpublished work from prior ECN workshops is reviewed. Experiments measuring soot particle size and morphology, soot volume fraction (fv), and transient soot mass have been conducted at various international institutions providing target data for improvements to computational models. Multiple modeling contributions using both the Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) Equations approach and the Large-Eddy Simulation (LES) approach have been submitted. Among these, various chemical mechanisms, soot models, and turbulence-chemistry interaction (TCI) methodologies have been considered

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