People from Egypt have cultural belief systems about mental illness and its causes that are at variance from Anglo-Saxon-derived understandings that predominate in Australian psychiatry. These differences in understanding can affect how mental health services are experienced and accepted by this cultural group. This paper is a review of the literature on Egyptians' beliefs about mental illness and how families in Egypt cope with a relative with mental illness. Because of limited literature on Egyptians' experience with mental illness in Australia, this paper will be used to shed some light on the way in which people experience mental illness and communicate this suffering in the Australian context, based on what has been known to occur in Egypt. The Zar cult and related practices focusing on belief in the evil eye, magic, and evil possession will be explored. Historical and contemporary mental health care systems in Egypt, and the influence of education and religion are discussed. In order to provide culturally sensitive care, nurses need to be aware of possible influences on belief systems about mental illness. This paper has the potential of helping nurses to gain a deeper understanding of cultures that differ from theirs and to provide care to clients and their families based on respect for the others' beliefs, values, and practices.

To fully understand barriers discouraging Arabic Australian women from participating in breast cancer screening practices, efforts should be focused on specific subgroup (ie, working group) of Arabic Australian women.

The care of people with mental illness often rests with their families. The way families manage this experience has been explored widely in the literature; however, the added complexity of migration has been given little attention. The difficulty of conducting research with people from non-English-speaking backgrounds often precludes their voices and experiences from being heard, further compounding marginalization and misunderstanding of their needs. The aim of this study was to understand the experience of Egyptian families caring for a relative with mental illness in Australia. Seven participants from Egyptian background, caring for a relative with mental illness, were included in this study. A hermeneutic phenomenological approach, informed by the work of Heidegger, was used. Data were collected through in-depth audio-taped interviews conducted in the Arabic language, which were then translated and transcribed in English. Data analysis revealed five themes: Why did it happen? How do I protect my loved ones? What has it done to me? What has it done to us? How do I survive? Findings of the study have the potential to raise health-care professionals' awareness of the needs of Egyptian families, their beliefs, values, and coping with mental illness.

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