A candidíase vaginal é uma doença causada, na maioria das vezes, pelo fungo do gênero Candida sp, que habita o trato gastrintestinal e geniturinário da espécie humana e pode tornar-se patogênico sob determinadas condições. A maioria dos indivíduos desenvolve defesas imunológicas que impedem a proliferação e desenvolvimento de candidíase localizada ou disseminada. Embora a causa exata do aumento de espécies não-albicans seja desconhecida, há evidências de que a própria terapia antifúngica possa estar contribuindo para o processo. Linhagens de C. glabrata são mais resistentes aos imidazólicos do que a C. albicans, sendo necessária uma concentração 10 vezes superior de miconazol para eliminar a C. glabrata quando comparada a C. albicans. Foi realizado um antifungigrama testando o potencial de ação de produtos vegetais sobre o fungo Candida sp. Foi observado que, ocorreu inibição do fungo no contato com os extratos hidroglicólicos das plantas Arctium lappa L., Calendula officinalis L., Stryphnodendron adstringens (Mart.) Coville e Tabebuia avellanedae Lorentz ex Griseb. A importância deste trabalho reside na possibilidade de desenvolvimento de tratamento complementar, menos agressivo, de menor custo e sem toxidade, o que possibilitaria melhor qualidade de vida para portadoras de candidíase vaginal recorrente ou não.

Subclinical hypocalcemia is a metabolic disorder characterised by a decrease in serum calcium (Ca) levels, with no clinical symptoms. The aim of this study was to determine the punctual prevalence of subclinical hypocalcemia in dairy cows, in the Sousa city micro-region, Paraíba state. Samples were collected from 29 dairy farms, consisting of 153 and 296 blood samples in the pre- and postpartum period respectively. In relation to the mineral supplementation profile, 89.25% of the properties use a commercial supplement. On average, 40.53% of lactating cows presented total serum Ca levels under the lower limit of 8.0 mg/dL, with an exclusive supplement of NaCl resulting in a higher percentage of cows, 61.11%, with the condition of subclinical hypocalcemia. For ionized Ca, the average prevalence of subclinical hypocalcemia was 21.16%. The prevalence of subclinical hypocalcemia for total serum Ca was 37.25 and 42.23% of cows in the pre- and postpartum period respectively. The type of mineral supplement did not influence (P > .05) total and ionized serum Ca levels in lactating cows. There was no significant difference (P > .05) for total and ionized serum Ca levels as a function of the reproductive period in lactating cows. Subclinical hypocalcemia was evident in the dairy cows under evaluation and occurred with an average punctual prevalence of 40.34%. Commercial supplement is the most common form of mineral mixture used; however, it was not able to promote an increase in the levels of total and ionized serum Ca levels due to errors in managing the supply.

Prejuízos decorrentes de manejo nutricional inadequado, principalmente no que se refere à suplementação mineral, confere problema corriqueiro enfrentado por muitos produtores de vacas leiteiras, levando a diminuição na produção e consequentes perdas econômicas. Desta forma, objetivou-se com a iniciativa de extensão a realização de campanhas para conscientização do manejo adequado de suplementação mineral em bovinos leiteiros de produtores inseridos nos municípios de Sousa, São João do Rio do Peixe, Santa Helena e Paulista, localizados no Sertão Paraibano. O público efetor foram discentes do curso de Bacharelado em Medicina Veterinária do Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia da Paraíba. Utilizou-se a metodologia participativa com o princípio de troca de saberes e reorganização de conceitos. Os recursos utilizados para ministração das palestras nas campanhas foram data show, banners, cartazes e vídeos. Durante visitas às propriedades foi possível verificar que o manejo não era realizado de forma adequada, identificando erros como fornecimento limitado de suplementação mineral, mistura e diluição de sal comercial com sal comum e cochos de tamanho inadequado. Porém após intervenção da equipe, os produtores conseguiram modificar essa realidade e afirmaram conseguir melhorias na produção e sanidade dos animais com adoção das práticas de manejo aprendidas durante as campanhas e dias de campo.

In dairy farming, cows display important metabolic changes during the transition period, particularly high-production cows, which need nutrients in greater quantity to meet the required demand. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of subclinical hypomagnesemia in pre- and post-partum dairy cows inserted in milk-production systems in the Sousa microregion and the district of São João do Rio do Peixe, both in the State of Paraíba, Brazil. As such, visits were made every two weeks to 34 rural properties, where the team collected 357 blood samples by venepuncture, 106 from pre-partum lactating cows and 251 from lactating cows in the post-partum period. It was found that the properties supplied three types of mineral supplement: a single supplement of NaCl, a supplement of NaCl + mineral base, and a commercial supplement. The cows receiving the commercial mineral supplement had the highest prevalence (10.53%) of the disorder, even showing a significant difference (P < .05) between the other types of supplement. In relation to reproductive period, it was found that the post-partum cows had a higher prevalence of subclinical hypomagnesemia (9.96%) than did the pre-partem cows (8.49%); there was, however, no significant difference (P > .05) between the two. Studies such as this are fundamental for alerting rural and technical producers to the occurrence of subclinical hypomagnesemia in the region, in addition to the damage caused by metabolic disorders.

<p class="Default">Technological innovation has had a remarkable rise and its use in rural areas has become a subdisidiary method for both producers and professionals in the agrarian area. In dairy cattle, there is a lack of information about nutritional management. The supply of minerals is inadequate and it does not meet the requirements of animals often. The objective of this study was to develop an application to estimate the nutritional requirements of calcium for dairy cows and to help producers to provide adequate amounts of this mineral. The application was created from the Java platform, using recommendations from the National Research Council (NRC), with calculation of requirements for maintenance of lactating and non-lactating cows, females in growth, gestation. The application enables the filling of data from animal characterization to the type and quantity of concentrate and forage provided. After filling the data the application will generate the result informing whether the cow in lactation has a deficit, surplus or if it is receiving adequate amounts of the mineral. It also demonstrates the amount of calcium that should be increased or decreased, according to the needs of each animal. Using the bovine calcium application, producers will provide an appropriate supplement, reducing unnecessary costs and increasing milk production.</p>