DOI to the publisher's website.• The final author version and the galley proof are versions of the publication after peer review.• The final published version features the final layout of the paper including the volume, issue and page numbers.
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The increasing demand for efficiently growing vegetation in greenhouses requires continual improvement of the control of the growth environment experienced by the plants. The single most important factor in maximizing the crop’s growth is the quantity, quality, and geometrical distribution of radiation intercepted at every moment. Few available greenhouse coverings are capable of responding to changes in sunlight conditions by themselves, limiting the grower’s control: they must use additional technologies, including screens, artificial lighting, heating, and cooling. This review considers existing efforts in providing adaptable greenhouse covering systems and advanced optical materials for controlling the color, intensity, and/or distribution of sunlight transmitted into greenhouse‐like structures by describing existing static materials and their responsive equivalents. This work also offers speculation on potential applications of other light‐control elements, mostly designed for use in the urban environment that can be adapted for greenhouse use in the future.
A broadband reflector based on a polymer stabilized chiral nematic liquid crystal has been fabricated. The reflection bandwidth can be manually controlled by an electric field and autonomously by temperature.
DOI to the publisher's website.• The final author version and the galley proof are versions of the publication after peer review.• The final published version features the final layout of the paper including the volume, issue and page numbers.
Link to publication
General rightsCopyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights.• Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research. • You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain • You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal.If the publication is distributed under the terms of Article 25fa of the Dutch Copyright Act, indicated by the "Taverne" license above, please follow below link for the End User Agreement:
Forster resonance energy transfer (FRET) is important, not only in the fields of biology and biophysics but also in optoelectronics and light guiding systems. Different matrixes are being investigated that facilitate FRET, including zeolites and metal−organic frameworks. In this work, a matrix for FRET generation is proposed: nanoporous liquid crystal networks. These liquid crystal networks can be easily processed and can align dichroic fluorescent dyes. A base treatment can create nanopores in the network, which are then able to absorb a second fluorescent dye in an aqueous phase while still retaining good alignment. Using lifetime measurements, we provide proof that even in this nonoptimized system, around 70% of the energy was transferred via the FRET mechanism from one dye to the other. Liquid crystal networks have many advantages over current matrixes as they are easy to fabricate as well as flexible and could be modified to selectively and reversely absorb dyes, allowing many applications.
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