Stunting bayi dan balita merupakan permasalahan gizi kronis yang membutuhkan penanganan komprehensif dan melibatkan berbagai sektor. Pada tahun 2018 ditetapkan penanganan stunting merupakan prioritas pembangunan nasional melalui Rencana Aksi Nasional Gizi dan Ketahanan Pangan. Kabupaten Sumedang termasuk 160 kabupaten/kota prioritas penanganan stunting. Upaya penanganan stunting dengan mengoptimalkan kondisi pada 1000 hari pertama kehidupan (HPK) dapat dilaksanakan di Posyandu. Posyandu sebagai bentuk pemberdayaan masyarakat bidang kesehatan memiliki peran strategis, namun karena kader posyandu memiliki latar belakang pendidikan serta sosial budaya yang beragam pengetahuan dan keterampilannya perlu terus menerus mendapatkan pembaruan. Pada kasus stunting, berbagai penelitian menunjukkan pengetahuan dan keterampilan kader terkait stunting dan  upaya pencegahannya sebagian besar belum baik, karena itu upaya peningkatan kapasitas kader posyandu penting dilakukan. Pada bulan Juli 2018 dilakukan pelatihan peningkatan kapasitas kader posyandu mendeteksi dan mencegah stunting di Desa Cipacing Kecamatan Jatinangor Kabupaten Sumedang. Pelatihan ini merupakan rangkaian pengabdian masyarakat yang terintegrasi Kuliah Kerja Nyata Mahasiswa Universitas Padjadjaran yang dilaksanakan pada periode  April - Juli 2018. Kegiatan pelatihan pada 42 orang kader posyandu dari 18 RW tersebut dilaksanakan dalam tiga tahap yaitu sosialisasi program, persiapan dan  pelaksanaan pelatihan, menggunakan pendekatan model deduktif, materi pelatihan disusun berdasar data pengamatan lapangan yang kemudian didiskusikan dengan narasumber ahli. Setelah pelatihan kader posyandu dapat memahami mengenai gizi seimbang, deteksi dini stunting dan peran penting kader posyandu menginformasikan gizi optimal pada 1000 HPK sebagai upaya pencegahan stunting serta mengidentifikasi faktor risiko penyebab stunting di wilayah kerja posyandu. Diharapkan peningkatan kapasitas ini dibuat sebagai pelatihan berkesinambungan bersifat periodik dan terprogram dengan baik.

COVID-19 can cause fever, cough, headache, and shortness of breath but patients with comorbidities can experience worsening and death. An action is needed to treat this condition in COVID-19 patients. Omega 3 fatty acids may be one possibility associated with COVID-19 prevention, management, and treatment. Therefore, this review aimed to identify the existing studies on potency of omega 3 fatty acid supplementation on COVID-19. We searched studies from PubMed, Google Scholar, Springer Link, and Emerald Insight databases published on January 31, 2020, to September 1, 2021. The studies selected were the full-text, non-review ones which focused on the omega 3 fatty acid intervention in COVID-19 with COVID-19 patients and people affected by COVID-19 as their subjects and clinical manifestations or the results of supporting examinations as their outcomes. No quality assessment was performed in this review. Of the 211, there were 4 studies selected for this review. They showed that severe COVID-19 patients have low levels of omega 3 in their blood. Omega 3 was considered to reduce the risk of positive for SARS-CoV-infection and the duration of symptoms, overcome the renal and respiratory dysfunction, and increase survival rate in COVID-19 patients. Omega 3 fatty acid supplementations were thought to have a potential effect in preventing and treating COVID-19. This can be a reference for further research about omega 3 fatty acid supplementation and COVID-19.

Objective: The aim of this work was to study the pharmacophore model of omega-3 derivatives with the PPAR-γ receptor using LigandScout 4.4.3 to investigate the important chemical interactions of complex structure. Methods: The methods consisted of structure preparation of nine chemical compounds derived from omega-3 fatty acids, database preparation, creating 3D Pharmacophore modelling, validation pharmacophore, and screening test compounds. Results: The result of the research showed that the omega-3 derivatives docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), when eicosapentaenoic acid (HPA), and docosapentaenoic acid (DPA) have the best pharmacophore fit values of 36.59; 36.56; and 36.56, respectively. According to the results of the pharmacophore study, the carbonyl and hydroxyl of the carboxylate functional groups become the active functional groups that exhibit hydrogen bonding interactions. While the alkyl chain (Ethyl and methyl groups) was the portion that can be modified to increase its activity. Conclusion: Omega-3 derivatives could be used as a lead drug for the powerful PPAR-γ receptor in the prevention and treatment of obesity.

Stunting adalah kondisi ketika seorang anak tingginya kurang dari tinggi standar usianya dan merupakan masalah kurang gizi kronis yang disebabkan oleh asupan gizi yang kurang dalam waktu yang cukup lama. Stunting dapat menyebabkan produktivitas seseorang terganggu saat dewasa. Hal ini terjadi karena stunting berdampak pada terganggunya pertumbuhan fisik, kekebalan tubuh, dan fungsi kognitif anak. Selain faktor gizi, stunting disebabkan oleh kurangnya pengetahuan masyarakat tentang stunting, terutama ibu hamil, ibu balita (bawah lima tahun), dan kader posyandu. Tujuan pemberdayaan masyarakat ini adalah meningkatkan pengetahuan ibu bayi dan balita melalui promosi kesehatan dengan media Integrating card. Dalam pemberdayaan masyarakat ini dilakukan juga penelitian dengan pendekatan cross-sectional. Subyek pada penelitian tersebut adalah 77 ibu yang memiliki bayi dan balita di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Jatinangor, Kabupaten Sumedang. Kegiatan promosi kesehatan dilaksanakan pada November 2018. Setelah dilakukan promosi kesehatan dengan Integrating card, 56 (72,7%) peserta mempunyai tingkat pengetahuan yang baik dan cukup. Tingkat pengetahuan peserta meningkat seiring dengan pertambahan usia, tingginya pendidikan, pertambahan jumlah paritas, dan banyaknya kunjungan antenatal care (ANC). Ibu yang bekerja mempunyai tingkat pengetahuan yang lebih baik dibandingkan dengan ibu yang tidak bekerja. Integrating card dapat menjadi alternatif media yang menarik dan mudah digunakan dalam upaya mencegah dan menurunkan kejadian stunting.

Background. Inappropriate anthropometric measurements of infants and toddlers lead to a misclassification in nutritional status and loss of important interventions. Considering the practice conducted in this program within a country, its impact on millions of children must be considered. This study assesses the ability of community health volunteers (CHVs) before and after anthropometric training on infants and toddlers.  Methods. This study used a quantitative approach with a quasiexperimental and pretest-posttest design. The pre- and posttraining assessments of CHVs were conducted by standardized trainers using instruments developed according to WHO standards. There were 11 and 13 statement items for infants’ and toddlers’ indicators of assessment in anthropometric measurements, respectively. The result of the assessment was then analyzed using Rasch modeling with stacking and racking data analysis techniques. Results. The CHVs’ skills before training were far from adequate. Although widely varied, all trainees improved their abilities. Stacking analysis showed that the skills of all CHVs in measuring infants and toddlers increased by 2.68 and 3.34 logits ( p < 0.01 ), respectively. Racking analysis showed a decrease in the perceived difficulty of all items by 2.61 and 3.07 logits for infant and toddler measurements, respectively ( p < 0.01 ). The results of the racking analysis showed that the difficulty in measuring the anthropometrics of infants decreased more than that of toddlers. Conclusions. CHVs’ capacity to monitor child growth must be refreshed regularly. Standardized and proper training and assessment were developed to make CHVs reliable in taking anthropometric measurements of infants and toddlers.