Background This study aims to verify the association between neck circumference (NC) and metabolic syndrome and establish NC cut-off points to predict metabolic syndrome. Methods Weight, height, NC, waist circumference, body mass index, fasting plasma glucose, HDL cholesterol, triglycerides and blood pressure were measured in a cross-sectional and population-based study with 966 adults. The association between NC and the burden of metabolic syndrome disease was evaluated by multinomial logistic regression. Receiver operating characteristic curves were used to acquire gender-specific cut-off values and predict metabolic syndrome. The NC is a simple anthropometric measurement, has low evaluation costs, can estimate the subcutaneous fat in the upper body and is related to cardiometabolic risks. Results NC is an independent predictor of metabolic syndrome burden with high association to women. The syndrome components stratification indicated that the NC of individuals with one component was lower than those with three or more (P = 0.001). Metabolic syndrome prediction cut-off point was a NC of 39.5 cm for men and 33.3 cm for women. Conclusions Increased NC was associated with higher metabolic syndrome risks. This anthropometric parameter can be used as an additional marker for screening cardiovascular risk diseases.

Aim: to verify the association between social support and the practice of exclusive breastfeeding until the third month of life of the infant. Methods: a cross-sectional study was conducted in a prospective cohort study, with mothers and children born in a public hospital in Rio Grande do Sul. Data collected up to 48 hours after delivery and in the baby's third month of life on home visits were used. Data on socioeconomic classification, maternal age, prenatal care and infant feeding were evaluated and the Social Support Scale validated for Portuguese was applied. Data collection took place from July 2017 to October 2018. Results: 47 nursing mothers were interviewed in the first 48 hours postpartum and in the infant's third month of life. It was found that 24 (51.1%) infants were exclusively breastfeeding in the third month of life, followed by 12 (25.5%) in the absence of breastfeeding and 11 (23.3%) in mixed and complementary breastfeeding. Emotional support showed a statistically significant association (p <0.05) with the type of breastfeeding received by the infant. Conclusions: The average duration of exclusive breastfeeding found was higher than the national average. The only type of social support that showed a statistically significant association with exclusive breastfeeding was emotional support.

Todo o conteúdo deste livro está licenciado sob uma Licença de Atribuição Creative Commons. Atribuição 4.0 Internacional (CC BY 4.0).O conteúdo dos artigos e seus dados em sua forma, correção e confiabilidade são de responsabilidade exclusiva dos autores. Permitido o download da obra e o compartilhamento desde que sejam atribuídos créditos aos autores, mas sem a possibilidade de alterá-la de nenhuma forma ou utilizá-la para fins comerciais.

Obesity is currently considered a public health problem with pandemic proportions and is associated with chronic low-grade inflammation, which can predispose to the development of several chronic diseases and metabolic complications. This cross-sectional population-based study, conducted with 743 Brazilian adults, aimed to evaluate the association between inflammatory cytokines with anthropometric measurements. Sociodemographic, anthropometric, behavioral, and biochemical variables were collected. Multiple linear regression stratified by sex and adjusted for confounding factors was performed. In men, waist circumference (WC) was associated with IL-1β (3.52pg/mL; 95%CI 0.60-6.45), IL-6 (6.35pg/mL; 95%CI 0.35-12.34), IL-8 (8.77pg/mL; 95%CI 2.37-15.17), IL-10 (3.09pg/ml; 95%CI 0.56-5.61), IL12p70 (8.31pg/ml; 95%CI 3.11-13.52), TNF-α (4.22pg/ml; 95%CI 0.20-10.48). Waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) was associated with IL-6 (3.21pg/mL; 95% CI 0.02-6.39). Body mass index (BMI) was associated with IL-1β (1.50pg/mL; 95%CI 0.46-2.34), IL-6 (2.97pg/mL; 95%CI 0.78-5.16), IL-8 (4.48pg/mL; 95%CI 2.21-6.75), IL-10 (1.31pg/mL; 95%CI 0.30-2.31), IL-12p70 (3.59pg/mL; 95%CI 1.24-5.95), TNF-α (2.00pg/mL; 95%CI 0.81-3.19). In women, WC was associated with IL-6 (5.10pg/mL; 95%CI 0.68-9.51) and IL-10 (4.16pg/mL; 95%CI 1.26-7.06). BMI was associated with IL-6 (2.67pg/mL; 95%CI 0.34-4.99) and WHR was associated with TNF-α (2.84pg/mL; 95%IC 0.86-6,54). The results highlight the importance of anthropometric assessment in clinical practice and the need to develop public policies and interventions to reduce the prevalence of obesity and, consequently, of inflammation and possible metabolic complications.

No abstract