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It is no longer possible to conceive of teacher education without ICTs. It is imperative for the teacher education institutions to wake up and reorganize their curriculum to accommodate the changing face of knowledge. This study conducted by the researcher in teacher education institutions related to availability and access of ICTs in these institutions during session 2008-09, brought forward the real scenario of ICT in teacher education institutions. For this study the researcher used a scale named "ICT Friendliness Scale" developed by Kumar and Singh (2008). Analysis indicates that there is not a single ICT facility, which is present in every teacher education institution. There is non-availability of facilities like Educational software pertaining to school subjects on CDs, Slide Projector, Networking in computer lab, Dial-up/ Broad band Internet Access, LCD Projector, Language Learning Software with Headphones, Electronic versions of common Encyclopedias and Electronic versions of common Encyclopedias in all the Government aided Teacher education Institutions sampled for the study.

The performance of any reinforced soil (RS) structure mainly depends on the soil-geosynthetic interface friction mechanism. Nowadays, due to the non-availability of conventional backfill materials and unsuitability of locally available soils, the exploration has started to find an alternative material for backfilling. One of such materials is pond ash, generated as a waste by-product from thermal power plants. In this regard, the present work is aimed to find the interfacial frictional characteristics of geogrid reinforced pond ash in terms of coefficient of interface friction (C i ) and pullout frictional factor (f*) by conducting large direct shear test and pullout tests using two biaxial geogrids (GG1 and GG2) of different stiffnesses. From the experimental results, it was observed that the coefficient of interface friction (C i ) valueswere in the range of 0.84 to 0.66 and pullout frictional factor (f*) values were in the range of 0.43 to 0.28 for the applied normal stresses of 50 kPa, 100 kPa and 150 kPa respectively. Further, GG1 shows higher frictional characteristics compared to GG2 because of its structural geometry and stiffness characteristics.

Intelligence (EQ), which is a different way of being smart.Emotional Intelligence is what gives a person a competitive edge (Singh, 2001).The teaching community feels deeply concerned about the emotional well being of the teachers. Moreover such orientation can lead towards raised standards of social and emotional literacy levels of students across the ABSTRACT A teacher is more near to students than any other during his school days. Students want to share each and every thing related to educational as well as personal matters with him. It reflects that a teacher has strong emotional bondage with students. In the light of above discussion researcher decided to carry out a research on trainee teachers to analyze their emotional intelligence in relation to their mode of training i.e. Pre-service training programme (B.Ed. Regular) and Inservice training programme (B.Ed. Distance mode).Research has been carried out on 182 trainee teachers (divided into two groups i.e. Pre-service training programme (B.Ed. Regular) and In-service training programme (B.Ed. Distance mode), using Emotional Intelligence Scale (EIS) by Anukool Hyde, Sanjyot Pathe and Upinder Dhar (2002). Mean, Standard deviation and 't'-test are used to analyze the data.The research has indicated that emotional intelligence of trainee teachers differs significantly in relation to their mode of training. It also has been observed that on the aspects like Self awareness, Emotional Stability, Managing Relation, Integrity, Self-development, Empathy and Value Orientation, trainee teachers of in-service course (B.Ed. Distance) are much better, whereas on the aspects like Self-motivation, Commitment and Altruistic behavior, the trainee teachers of pre-service course (B.Ed. Regular) are significantly better than trainee teachers in distance programme.