No abstract

No abstract

Agriculture is one of Ethiopia’s economic cornerstones, although its production remains low. Since then, the implementation of modern agricultural technologies has remained a promising strategy in Ethiopia for increasing agricultural production, achieving food security, and reducing poverty. The objective of the study is to examine the determinants of modern agricultural technology adoption for teff production in Minjar Shenkora woreda. The data were collected from the representatives of 362 rural households. This study employed both descriptive statistics and multinomial logit model. The estimations of the multinomial logit model revealed that sex, age, marital status, tropical livestock units, educational level of household head, distance to market, extension contact, active household members, access to credit, off-farm activities participation, and cultivated land size are the determinants of modern agricultural technology adoption for teff production in Minjar Shenkora woreda, North Shewa Zone, Amhara Region, Ethiopia. Therefore, this study recommended that the country’s federal and regional governments, agricultural development offices, nongovernmental organizations, and donor agencies should collaborate with farm households to improve access to information, access to credit, encourage off-farm participation and provide training and consulting services to increase the adoption of modern agricultural technologies.

This study’s primary goal was to explain how Ethiopia’s economic growth affected government spending. The time series data utilized in the study were gathered between 1980 and 2018. The time series data were subjected to the Johansen cointegration test and the vector error correction model (VECM) in order to evaluate the short- and long-term correlations between public spending and economic growth in Ethiopia. According to the study, both long- and short-term economic growths are positively and significantly impacted by government spending on education. Long-term economic growth is negatively impacted by government expenditure on agriculture, while short-term effects are negatively impacted and considerable. In the long run, investment spending has a positive but negligible impact on economic growth; however, in the short run, it has a negative but large effect. Defense spending by the government has a positive and negligible effect on economic growth over the short and long terms. Both in the short and long terms, spending on health has a favorable and considerable impact on economic growth. According to the study, government spending on the education sector would help to foster the conditions that could result in higher labor force participation rates and, consequently, higher rates of economic growth. Aiming to establish a healthy and productive society that promotes economic progress, policy should focus on complementary measures to scale-up initiatives in the health sector.

Inflation is a continuous increase in the general price level in an economy and falling of purchasing power of the monetary unit. In Ethiopia inflation was not generally an issue before the year 2003/04. Different studies point out their own reasons for the dynamics of inflation of the state. Generally, the aim of this paper to identifying the major sources of inflation. The study observed CPI and its components annually from 1970 to 2011. To identify the major sources of inflation in Ethiopia, the study presented, a VAR, co-integration analysis and the VECM allied with the descriptive analysis. The result of the VECM showed, only budget deficit as percentage of GDP is positively determining inflation of Ethiopia in the short run. In the short run the Broad Money Supply, Real GDP, the imported inflation of international petroleum price and the nominal exchange rate has insignificant effect of the annual Ethiopia's price hike. In the long run, the Ethiopia's inflation mainly driven by the Broad Money supply , the Real GDP, interest rate, the Nominal Exchange Rate, and the budget deficit with high significance level. The Broad Money Supply in the economy and the Banks and Financial institutions average lending rate has a positive long run effect on inflation. While, the Rainfall, the deficit budget and the Nominal Exchange rate has a negative long run determination of the price level in Ethiopia. Therefore, the government should follow planned government expenditure and by allowing the Banks and financial institutions lending rate determination should hold on the hand of the market rather than the government to curb inflation in Ethiopia.