Deep learning-enabled smartphone-based image processing has significant advantages in the development of point-of-care diagnostics. Conventionally, most deep-learning applications require task specific large scale expertly annotated datasets. Therefore, these algorithms are...

This study aimed to investigate the effect of nitrogen application methods on the yield and grain quality of an extremely early maturing rice variety. The experiment was conducted in the rice research field of Chungnam Agricultural Research and Extension Services, South Korea, in 2019 and 2020. Two nitrogen application methods, BD (100% as a basal dressing) and BTD (70% as a basal dressing + 30% as a top dressing), with three different nitrogen levels (70 kg/ha, 90 kg/ha, and 110 kg/ha), were employed. The results showed that BD treatment had comparable or higher head rice yields and improved grain quality compared to BTD treatment at all nitrogen levels. Additionally, the SPAD value at heading date was highly correlated with both the protein content (r2 = 0.838**) and glossiness of cooked rice (r2 = 0.630**). Therefore, this study suggests that BD treatment could be an effective approach to improve the productivity and quality of extremely early maturing rice varieties while saving on labor costs, and the SPAD value can be used as an index to infer the taste of rice. In conclusion, this study provides useful insights into nitrogen application methods that can be used to enhance the yield and quality of extremely early maturing rice varieties.

This study aimed to investigate how transplanting date affects the agronomic and grain quality traits of two early-maturing rice varieties. The experiment was conducted in the rice research field of Chungnam Agricultural Research and Extension Services in South Korea and rice materials were transplanted at intervals of approximately 15 days from 16 April to 16 July in 2019 and 2020. Results showed that agronomic and grain quality traits varied according to the transplanting date and earlier transplanting resulted in a longer period of days from transplanting to heading (DTH). The spikelet number m−2 was highly correlated with the milled rice yield (r = 0.963 ** for Jinbuol, r = 0.909 ** for Yeoreumi) and it significantly decreased as the transplanting date was delayed, which was leading to lower yield. The mean temperature during the grain filling stage had a negative correlation with head rice rate (r2 = 0.825 ** for Jinbuol, r2 = 0.803 ** for Yeoreumi) and the number of days from transplanting to heading showed negative correlation with protein content (r2 = 0.777 ** for Jinbuol, r2 = 0.833 ** for Yeoreumi). Therefore, increasing the number of days from transplanting to heading date can lead to higher milled rice yield and lower protein content and avoiding heading dates on 17 July can improve the appearance traits. As a result, it is suggested that early transplanting is advantageous to increase the milled rice yield and grain quality of early-maturing rice.

This study aimed to investigate how transplanting date affects the agronomic and grain quality traits of two early maturing rice varieties. The experiment was conducted in the rice research field of Chungnam Agricultural Research and Extension Services, South Korea and rice materials were transplanted at intervals of approximately 15 days from April 16 to July 16 in 2019 and 2020. Results showed that agronomic and grain quality traits varied according to the transplanting date, and earlier transplanting resulted in the longer period of days from transplanting to heading (DTH). The spikelet number m-2 was highly correlated with the milled rice yield (r = 0.963** for Jinbuol, r = 0.909** for Yeoreumi) and it significantly decreased as the transplanting date was delayed, which was leading to lower yield. Environmental factors, the mean temperature during the grain filling stage, had a negative correlation with head rice rate (r2 = 0.825** for Jinbuol, r2 = 0.803** for Yeoreumi), and the number of days from transplanting to heading showed negative correlation with protein content (r2 = 0.777** for Jinbuol, r2 = 0.833** for Yeoreumi). Therefore, increasing the number of days from transplanting to heading date can lead to higher milled rice yield and lower protein content, and avoiding heading dates on July 17 can improve the appearance traits. As a results, it is suggested that early transplanting is advantageous to increase the milled rice yield and grain quality of early maturing rice.