Metabolic Syndrome (MS) is currently a relevant public health problem, in view of its high rates of worldwide prevalence. It can be considered the harm caused by modern life due to the sedentary lifestyle adopted by today's society. To analyze studies evaluating the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in the elderly and cardio metabolic risk factors. A literature review was conducted, considering the initial period of the databases until May 2018, in the searches, the virtual health library was used as a database, which covers the electronic databases: LILACS, SciELO and MEDLINE. The Boolean operator AND was used to association the following descriptors: Elderly; Metabolic X Syndrome; Prevalence. Women had higher rates of prevalence of MS (the discussion is not concluded). The study becomes relevant because it sought to provide literary support on the conditions related to the prevalence and risks of MS in the elderly, in which, in recent decades, the interest of the scientific community has been arousing, thus, enabling knowledge on the subject, as well as the importance of the need for systematic action of health professionals.