Yaşanan küresel krizlerin ve şirket skandallarının ardında yatan sebeplerden birinin yanlış yönetim politikaları olduğu görüşü, firmaları yönetim şekillerinde yenilik arayışına yöneltmiştir. Kurumsal yönetim anlayışı bu süreçte ortaya çıkmış ve firmalar tarafından geniş bir uygulama alanı bulmuştur. Bu çalışmada kurumsal yönetim anlayışının, firma performansına etkileri Borsa İstanbul'da (BİST) işlem gören sigorta şirketleri ele alınarak tespit edilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla, literatür taraması sonrası belirlenen kurumsal yönetim uygulamasına ilişkin göstergeler ile Türkiye'deki sigorta firmalarının karlılık göstergeleri arasında anlamlı ilişkiler olup olmadığı havuzlandırılmış regresyon modeli ile analiz edilerek, kurumsal yönetim uygulamasının firma performansını nasıl etkilediği ölçülmeye çalışılmıştır. Kurumsal yönetim göstergelerinden yönetim kurulundaki üye sayısının artışından hem aktif karlılığı (ROA) hem de kar marjının (PM) olumlu etkilendiği tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca aktif büyüklüğü arttıkça ROA'nın da arttığı ve firma varlık süresi uzadıkça PM'nin arttığı tespit edilmiştir. Ancak kurumsal yönetime ilişkin hiçbir değişken ile öz sermaye karlılığı (ROE) arasında anlamlı ilişki tespit edilememiştir.
Accountability is responsibility of corporate executives to inform the government, employees, customers and the entire community, as well as shareholders, about the outcome and progress of their work. The value added statement, which provides a clear view of the benefit created by all stakeholders and their share of this benefit, is important in terms of accountability and social responsibility of enterprises. Although the information on how the value added is distributed among the stakeholders can be included in various reports of the enterprises such as sustainability, social responsibility, annual and integrated reports, it is seen that the information is scattered. Presenting this information in tabular form will both increase the clarity of the reports for all stakeholders and can be used as a performance evaluation tool for stakeholders. In the study, the performance of a firm in terms of value added was analyzed by using the financial statements of a loss-making enterprise. The fact that added value is created and that shareholders receive a share from the value added, even in a loss-making period, reveals the importance of presenting the value added statement.
The purpose of this research is to calculate and compare conservatism scores of banking and manufacturing sector firms listed in Borsa İstanbul (BİST) 100 index for the period between 2005 and 2017. The negative accrual measure was used in estimating unconditional conservatism, while the market-to-book ratio was used for estimating unconditional conservatism. According to the results, the conditional conservatism level of the two sectors is high and the conditional conservatism level of the banking sector is higher than the manufacturing sector. It is observed that the unconditional conservatism of both sectors is low but the manufacturing sector has tended to rise in recent years. Consequently, it is concluded that the conditional conservatism levels of the two sectors differ from each other significantly but the unconditional conservatism levels is not. In addition, the results indicated that the regulatory authority has a considerable effect on the banking sector unconditional conservatism level and the financial crisis period effect negative way the conditional conservatism level of both sectors.
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