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We present a scheme to realize a large cross-phase-modulation between two slow optical pulses by using the atomic configurations of coupled double dark resonances. In this scheme slow group velocities for these optical pulses can be automatically equalized in terms of the inherent symmetric atomic configuration, and the various absorptions can be overcome by using three-photon hyper-Raman amplification. Additionally, the switching between cross-type nonlinear amplification and absorption could be realized by just changing the sign of the difference between two pump detunings. This is useful for the implementations of all-optical switches. The linearity and cross nonlinearity in the Doppler-broadened medium with different laser propagating configurations have also been investigated.

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High spin states in odd-odd 98 Tc nuclei are studied by in-beam 𝛾-ray spectroscopy with the 96 Zr( 6 Li, 4n) fusionevaporation reaction at a beam energy of 35 MeV. The previous level scheme is updated. A band based on 1090.7 keV is expanded, and another band based on 1920.6 keV is newly identified. The observed two negative parity bands in 98 Tc are proposed to be a pair of chiral doublet bands with the configuration 𝜋𝑔 9/2 ⊗ 𝜈ℎ 11/2 . The evidence supporting the assignment of the chiral doublet bands is discussed. Signature splitting and signature inversion are observed in the 𝜋𝑔 9/2 ⊗ 𝜈ℎ 11/2 band in 98 Tc.

Levels in the neutron-rich 109Ru have been studied by observing the prompt γ-rays following the spontaneous fission fragments of 252Cf. The ground state band and the negative parity bands have been confirmed and extended. A positive parity band with the band head level at 332.5 keV is newly identified and suggested as a single-neutron excitation band built on the 7/2+[404] Nilsson orbital. Some structural characteristics of these bands are discussed.