Our findings showed dysregulation in lipid profiles after adjustments for confounders in the mild OSA group, and there was a correlation between these parameters and sleep hypoxemia. The TG/HDL-c ratio in particular was high, suggesting that it might be investigated as a marker of a detrimental metabolic profile in these patients.

Patients with mild OSA showed increased sustained attention lapses compared with normal subjects.

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Study Objectives: To evaluate and compare the effects of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP), use of a mandibular advancement device (MAD), and no treatment on 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring and peripheral arterial tonometry at 6 and 12 months follow-up in individuals with mild obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), and in a subgroup who had an apnea-hypopnea index of < 5 events/h and adherence of ≥ 4 hours per night (effective-treatment subgroups). Methods: The inclusion criteria were individuals with mild obstructive sleep apnea, any sex, age between 18 and 65 years, and a body mass index of ≤ 35 kg/m 2 . Patients were randomized into CPAP, MAD, and no-treatment groups. The evaluations included physical examination, full polysomnography, 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring, and peripheral arterial tonometry at baseline and after 6 and 12 months. A generalized linear mixed model was used for comparisons. Results: The CPAP and MAD groups had lower apnea-hypopnea indexes than the control group at 6 and 12 months, and the CPAP group had higher blood oxygen levels (SpO 2 ) than the MAD group. The MAD group had more hours of treatment per night and better adaptation to treatment than the CPAP group (MAD: 5.7 ± 2.7 h/night; CPAP: 3.8 ± 3.4 h/night; MAD: 16% did not adapt; CPAP: 42% did not adapt). No differences were found in the total sample and effective treatment in relation to peripheral arterial tonometry or 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring outcomes. Conclusions: Treatment of mild obstructive sleep apnea with CPAP or MAD did not improve blood pressure or endothelial function after 1 year, even in patients with effective treatment.