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The literary stock of Achilles Tatius has been increasing steadily in value since 1964, when an article about his romanceLeucippe and Cleitophonin an encyclopedia of world literature began, ‘Das Werk weist alle Mängel seines Genres samt einigen zusätzlichen eigenen auf.’ To be sure,Leucippe and Cleitophonremains among the last and probably least read of the Greek romances; yet in the last decades critics have begun to draw attention to original and effective aspects of its composition. As is usually the case, this revaluation has been accompanied not so much by the discovery of new virtues which had previously been neglected, but rather by the redescription as virtues of what had always counted as vices. Thus Cleitophon's lack of heroism can now be welcomed as comic realism, the implausibly melodramatic twists of the plot praised as selfconsciously theatrical ironies, and the baroque frigidity of the style counted as loony metaphysical wit or as BrechtianEntfremdung seffekt.

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This article considers the role of emotion, memory, and trauma in literature. It analyzes the lead characters in Salman Rushdie's novel Fury and Homer's Iliad and suggests that the traumatic childhood experiences of Professor Malik Solanka and Achilles significantly influenced their anger and rage in their adult lives. It also discusses Sigmund Freud's thoughts about trauma and explains that his theory is based on the three basic concepts of repression, deferral, and overdetermination.