The latest findings in Neurodidactics in understanding learning processes are forcing a review of the methodological approaches underlying teaching practices, including those used in second language teaching. Therefore, drawing on the principles of Neuroscience, Didactics and Linguistics, a review of the central factors of language learning and acquisition is carried out. A new methodological approach to foreign language teaching based on emotions is proposed: the Emotional Approach. Next, the principles of the Emotional Approach are presented, and its most relevant theoretical and practical contributions are highlighted. These include the functioning of neural connections in second language learning and the critical role played by emotions in the teaching-learning processes. Finally, this study provides the theoretical bases necessary to elaborate future didactic proposals and experimental research on the postulates presented here. Implications for research and practice are also discussed.
El presente artículo es una revisión selectiva y crítica de literatura sobre el desarrollo de aulas transculturales en contexto escolar. En él, se presenta una visión situada sobre perspectivas y enfoques actuales para las aulas plurilingües en Chile y se ofrece una propuesta concreta, sencilla y clara para la implementación de clases de español como lengua extranjera (ELE) en la escuela pública local. Tras integrar la información sobre la realidad chilena, las perspectivas internacionales actuales, el papel de la escritura en el desarrollo de la competencia en ELE y el currículo educacional chileno, se concluye que es importante contextualizar en el plano local las propuestas académicas (generalmente anglosajonas) y que es imprescindible la enseñanza de ELE para los estudiantes no hispanohablantes, si se quiere potenciar realmente la transculturalidad en los establecimientos educacionales públicos.
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