Objective: The blood transfusion during cardiac surgeries has been demonstrated to be increased in length of hospital stay. The aim of current study was to characterize the post-operative complication. Methodology: A descriptive study was conducted at Cardiac Centre Bahawalpur from 1st February 2020 to 30th March, 2021 all patients were divided into two groups. who underwent cardiac surgery during this period Group A (No blood transfusion). Group B (low transfusion 1-2 units) Results: A total of 176 patients, 122 (69.3%) were male and 54 (30.7%) female. in our study there were 1(1%) in Group A while 5(6.6%) in Group B were found with post-operative infection with statistically significant p-value 0.049. Similarly, hospital stay in group A was 5.8 ± 1.3 while in Group B was 6.9 ± 0.3 showing insignificant p-value 0.067. Conclusion: A restrictive transfusion policy while considering RCC transfusion seems more useful and patients who require blood should receive the number of transfusions as minimum as possible. Keywords: RCC Red Cell Concentrates Transfusion, CABG Cardiac Artery Bypass Graft, LOH Length of Hospital Stay, restrictive blood transfusion.

Objective: To compare the effects of warm versus cold blood cardioplegia on the myocardium of patients undergoing elective Coronary Artery Bypass Graft (CABG) surgery. Study Design: The study was the Prospective Observational study. Place and Duration of Study: At the Punjab Institute of Cardiology in Bahawalpur, Pakistan, 100 patients with ischemic heart disease was scheduled for open-heart surgery. Methodology: From the 25th of October 2021 to the 25th of October 2022, this prospective observational study was carried out in the Cardiac surgery Department of the PIC in Bahawalpur. One hundred patients participated in this research project overall. The means and standard deviations of the continuous variables were reported, while the frequencies of the categorical variables were given in percentage. SPSS 24 version was utilized for the statistical analysis. The All P values <0.05 were considered statistically significant Results: Our results showed that out of 100 patients the mean age of the cases in Group-A was 57.12±3.9 and in Group-B was 55.45±2.6 with insignificant p-value. The findings of current study showed that the male 41(82.0%) and female 9(18.0%) patients in Group-A while male 38(76.0%) and female 12(24.0%) in Group-B with p-value 0.659. Clinical characteristics i.e. The hypertensive 39(78.0%) in Group A while 35(70.0%) in Group B with significant p-value 0.017. Similarly hyperlipdemia in Group A as 11(22.0%) compared with 15(30.0%) with 0.069. Renal failure patients in Group A was 4(08.0%) while in Group B 3(06.0%) observed with p-value 0.032. The clinical characteristics i.e. (CPB time, cross clamp time, cardioplegia dose, number of grafts and complete revascularization) were statistically significantly as p-value < 0.05. Conclusion: According to the available data, the surgeon can make the call between warm and cold cardioplegia when it comes to patient safety. Keywords: CK-MB, CPB, CABG.