No abstract

Though the concept of Global Administrative Law has been one of the most popular subjects in international literature on international law, it has been largely ignored in Turkish academia barring few papers on the issue. It has been mainly used to describe a huge area of global relations mainly deemed outside the conventional operational area of international law. However, there seems to be no unified understanding of this term amounts to. There is a number of thinkers defending the employment of this very term whereas some others take a stance in favour of a broader understanding of the term international law with a view to also covering these emerging relations. One of the most ideal areas of operation for a global administrative law is lex sportiva. In this specialized domain, IOC and WADA function as if they are administration within the confines of an administrative law. One striking example for these activities is the WADA Decision on Russia, which foresaw the banning of this country from all major sport events for a period of four years. In this paper, the authors aim to probe into global administrative law and the nature of WADA decisions.

Uluslararası Ceza Hukuku tarihi güncelliğini arttıran çalışma alanlarından bir tanesidir. Peter von Hagenbach'ın 1474 yılında yargılanması ve ölüme mahkûm edilmesi, Uluslararası Ceza Hukuku literatüründe sıklıkla atıf yapılan tarihi olaylardandır. Bu tarihsel özelliği bulunan çalışmada söz konusu yargılama hakkında bilgi verilecektir. Öncelikle Hagenbach'ın içinde bulunduğu siyasal durum hakkında bilgi verilecek, sonrasında da Hagenbach'ın siyasi ve askeri kariyeri incelemeye tabi tutulacaktır. Esas olarak Hagenbach'ın yargılanması aşaması ele alınacaktır. Gerçekleştirilen yargılamanın safhaları, mahiyeti, Uluslararası Hukuk ile gerçekten ilgili olup olmadığının tartışılmasına yardım edecek şekilde, incelenmeye çalışılacaktır. Yargılamanın uluslararası karakterde olup olmadığı; Hagenbach'ın işlediği iddia edilen suçlarının bugün düzenlenmiş olan suçlardan hangisine yakın olabileceği de bu çalışmada ele alınan konulardandır.

Spinoza foresees a state of nature among states, just like the one among human beings. Human beings, under this chaotic condition, are not bound by the contracts they have concluded, if these contracts have lost their utility. States, too, may cease to observe those international agreements, if obedience to these is not advantageous any more for the state concerned, or whenever there is a more advantageous alternative than those perks offered by the international agreement.These findings have led many scholars of International Relations and International Law to deem Spinoza as a thinker in the mold of Hobbes or the like, someone who allocates no place for morality in political affairs.Spinoza proves at times to be a stingier critic of morality than Hobbes, yet he still calls for cooperation on international fora. This he does by distancing himself from the rhetoric of natural law. International solidarity, according to him, will enable participating states to be more powerful and to enjoy more rights. Yet again, he does not set idealistic goals and just underlines the more advantageous state to be created owing to the establishment of such a peaceful cooperation.

There is a great variety of comments on Hegel and as to where one should place him on an IR theory spectrum. Many see in Hegel a precursor of the Realist School of International Relations. Fewer scholars, though, attribute Hegel a liberalistic worldview, turning him into a liberal IR forerunner. Amid all these different takes on him, this paper aims to elaborate Hegel's philosophy on the state, civil society, international law and the importance of recognition therein. Hegelian concept of state is one of an absolute. The state is in need of bureaucratic cadres, entrusted with significant duties. However, civil society and relations developed within it are of utmost significance, as well. The latter is not destined, under all circumstances, to be dispensed with in the favour of the former one. On the contrary, just as it is the case in civil society, the institution of recognition plays an important role on international political fora. As a result of recognition, states see each other as equal others, i.e. states; which will contribute to the observation of a core of principles and rules. Toward the end of the paper, I shall endeavor to compare Hegelian thought with the basic premises of Realism. The crucial criterion here proves to be the level and the scope of significance attached to the Hegelian notions of the state and the civil society.