Transparent microelectrodes with high bendability are necessary to develop lightweight, small electronic devices that are highly portable. Here, we report a reliable fabrication method for transparent and highly bendable microelectrodes based on conductive silver nanowires (AgNWs) and 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxy (TEMPO)-oxidized cellulose nanofibers (CNFs). The AgNW-based micropatterns were simply fabricated on glass via poly­(ethylene glycol) photolithography and then completely transferred to transparent TEMPO-CNF nanopaper with high bendability via vacuum-assisted microcontact printing (μCP). The AgNW micropatterns were embedded in the surface layer of TEMPO-CNF nanopaper, enabling strong adhesion to the nanopaper substrate. The resulting AgNW micropatterns on the TEMPO-CNF nanopaper showed an optical transparency of 82% at 550 nm and a sheet resistance of 54 Ω/sq when the surface density of AgNWs was as low as 12.9 μg/cm2. They exhibited good adhesion stability and excellent bending durability. After 12 peeling test cycles and 60 s sonication time, the sheet resistance of the AgNW networks embedded on TEMPO-CNF nanopaper increased by only ∼0.12 and ∼0.07 times, respectively. Furthermore, no significant change in electrical resistance was observed even after 3 bending cycles to nearly 90° and 500 cycles of 80% bending strain. Moreover, the AgNW patterns on TEMPO-CNF paper were successfully applied for constructing a transparent electric circuit as well as a solid-state electrochromic device. Overall, we proposed an effective way to fabricate AgNW micropatterns on transparent nanopaper, which can be expanded to various conductive materials for high-performance paper-based electronics.

Recently, Near-infrared (NIR)-induced photothermal killing of pathogenic bacteria has received considerable attention due to the increase in antibiotic resistant bacteria. In this paper, we report a simple aqueous solution-based strategy to construct an effective photothermal nanocomposite composed of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene-sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) and agarose with thermo-processability, light triggered self-healing, and excellent antibacterial activity. Our experiments revealed that PEDOT:PSS/agarose was easily coated on both a 2D glass substrate and 3D cotton structure. Additionally, PEDOT:PSS/agarose can be designed into free-standing objects of diverse shape as well as restored through an NIR light-induced self-healing effect after damage. Taking advantage of strong NIR light absorption, PEDOT:PSS/agarose exhibited a sharp temperature increase of 24.5 °C during NIR exposure for 100 sec. More importantly, we demonstrated that the temperature increase on PEDOT:PSS/agarose via photothermal conversion resulted in the rapid and effective killing of nearly 100% of the pathogenic bacteria within 2 min of NIR irradiation.

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