Once limited to scientific experiences, 1H MRI spectroscopy is becoming a common adjunct to conventional MR imaging, beings used by radiologists in everyday practice. This article, based on a review of literature and personal experiences provides information and recommendations to neuro radiologists on the practical applications of 1H MRI spectroscopy of neoplastic and nonneoplastic CNS lesions, with a particular focus on the most common intracranial tumors, such as gliomas, and meningiomas with differential diagnosis from other CNS lesions.