Violence against women is a commonplace and widespread phenomenon in Nigeria. It results from multifarious factors the major ones being gender discrimination/male chauvinism, despite the ratification of major international anti-discrimination laws and the enactment of national laws that prohibit violence. Preliminary investigations reveal among others, that these ratified international anti-discrimination instruments are not yet domesticated into law, while some of the national laws condone violence against women, as encouraged by the patriarchal nature of the Nigerian society which is influenced by culture and religion as enshrined within the plural Nigerian legal system. The article highlights the major Nigerian Federal legislation and their failure to adequately combat violence against women. It argues that the domestication and enforcement of CEDAW and other relevant international anti-discrimination instruments, a review of extant Nigerian laws, and the abolition of Nigerian societal practices and other obnoxious beliefs can lead to adequate protection of women from violence.

This article examined the two regimes of laws that regulate child justice administration in Nigeria. The main law in the first regime is the Child Rights Act (CRA) that was enacted in 2003 in order to give effect to the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC) and the African Charter on the Rights and Welfare of the Child (ACRWC) to which Nigeria is a party. Although the CRA contains current international standards as provided by the CRC and ACRWC, the CRA is confronted with many implementation challenges. The provisions of the laws in the second regime comprising the Children and Young Persons Act (CYPA) and some criminal laws that are applicable to the States that have not adopted the provisions of the CRA are inadequate, archaic, and inconsistent with the current standards on child justice administration as contained in the international instruments and adopted in the CRA. Consequently, children that come in conflict with the law are often denied due justice in Nigeria. The article therefore recommended among others, the adoption and implementation of the CRA in all the States of the Federation, a repeal of the CYPA and the provisions for children in the other laws in the second regime.

Migration is a fundamental human process often involving the precarious movement of people across borders. This has implications for human rights. Under the various international human rights laws, human rights are inherent to all human beings and are not tied to one's citizenship or nationality. Therefore, the very presence of all categories of migrants within a State's jurisdiction imposes obligations on the State to acknowledge their presence, and allow them to claim their human rights. Apart from the general human rights laws, other international laws were enacted to specifically protect the rights of many groups of migrants. Despite this, migrants encounter various challenges in the process of migration and in destination countries particularly the migrants that are of irregular status (undocumented migrants). Towards this end, this paper examines the major global international instruments for protecting the human rights of international migrants and the challenges that the migrants often encounter with the aim of identifying the factors responsible for the inadequate protection of migrants' rights. The article proposes that treaty bodies should systematically mandate States' Parties to integrate the specific rights of migrants into national plans of action on human rights, enforce immigration laws in line with the principles of human rights and the rule of law, and provide effective border security and regional engagement so as to discourage illegal migration.